▸ Cigarette smoking |
▸ Hypertension (≥140/90 mm Hg or on antihypertensive medication) |
▸ Low HDL cholesterol ( <1 mmol/l; HDL >1.55 mmol/l acts as a “negative” risk factor) |
▸ Family history of premature CHD (CHD in male first degree relative <55 years of age, in female first degree relative <65 years of age) |
▸ Age (men ≥45 years; women ≥55 years) |