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Longitudinal epidemiological study of coronary heart disease in a rural population of Kheda district, Gujarat, India

Longitudinale epidemiologische Studie zu den Koronaren Herzkrankheiten in der ländlichen Bevölkerung des Kheda Distriktes, Gujarat, Indien

Les maladies cardio-vasculaires dans le district de Kheda, Gujarat, Inde: Résultats d'une étude prospective longitudinal

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Sozial- und Präventivmedizin

Summary

The present study was undertaken to determine the incidence and related risk factors for coronary heart diseases and hypertension in the rural population of Kheda district, Gujarat (India). The observations from the first five years of this ongoing project (May 1987–May 1992) are described in this paper. Out of an initial sample of 750 individuals in the age group 30–62 years, who were selected by stratified random sampling, 714 persons (males=429; females=285) were actually studied, after excluding those suffering from coronary heart diseases (CHD). Initially, all the included subjects were examined clinically and appropriate laboratory investigations were done. A detailed socioeconomic history was also obtained. Subsequently all of them were followed up and biannual clinical and laboratory investigations were performed. Cases of CHD were diagnosed according to the recommendations of the New York Heart Association. The overall five-year incidence of CHD was 25.17 per thousand persons. The incidence in males was 3 times higher than in females. More males suffered from myocardial infarction (MI), while in the females the incidence of sudden death was higher (33.3%). The average yearly mortality rate due to CHD was 2.46 per thousand persons. CHD was significantly associated with increased blood pressure (both diastolic and systolic), smoking, and family history of heart disease, and was weakly associated with body weight (p=0.06).

Zusammenfassung

Diese Studie wurde zur Bestimmung der Inzidenz der koronaren Herzkrankheiten und des Bluthochdruckes sowie der assoziierten Risikofaktoren in der Bevölkerung des Kheda Distriktes, Gujarat, unternommen. Die vorliegende Arbeit stellt die Resultate aus den ersten fünf Jahren dieses immer noch laufenden Projektes vor. 714 Personen im Alter von 30–62 Jahren wurden studiert. Alle einbezogenen Probanden wurden klinisch und labormässig untersucht. Eine detaillierte sozio-ökonomische Anamnese wurde erhoben. In der Folge unterlagen alle Teilnehmer zweimal jährlich einer klinischen und einer labormässigen Untersuchung. Die Fälle von KHK wurden gemäss der Empfehlungen der New York Heart Association diagnostiziert. Die 5-Jahres Inzidenz der KHK lag bei 25, 17‰. Die Inzidenz bei den Männern war dreimal höher als diejenige der Frauen. Während die Männer vermehrt unter Herzinfarkten litten, kamen bei den Frauen plötzliche Todesfälle häufiger vor. Es bestand eine signifikante Assoziation zu erhöhten Blutdruckwerten, zum Rauchen, zu einer Familienanamnese für Herzkrankheiten und eine schwache Assoziation zum Körpergewicht.

Résumé

Une étude a été conduite dans le district Kheda (Gujarat, Inde), pour mesurer l'incidence de la maladie coronarienne, de l'hypertension artérielle et de leurs facteurs de risque. Les résultats des 5 premières années de l'étude, sont présentés ici. Un échantillon de 714 personnes de 30 à 62 ans a été selectionné par un échantillonnage aléatoire de la population à partir des listes électorales. L'échantillon étudié ont été soumises à un premier examen clinique complet, et à un interrogatoire socio-démographique. L'examen clinique sont répétés deux fois par an chez tous les sujets. Les MCV ont été diagnostiqués selon les critères de la New York Heart Association. Sur les cinq ans d'observation, l'incidence des MCV est de 25, 17 pour mille personnes, avec une incidence trois fois plus élevée chez les hommes que chez les femmes. L'incidence de l'infarctus du myocarde est plus importante chez les hommes alors que la mort subite est plus fréquente chez les femmes. La survenue d'une MCV est associée de façon significative avec une augmentation de la tension artérielle, avec le fait d'être fumeur, avec des antécédents familiaux de MCV et avec la masse corporelle ou le poids.

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Trivedi, D.H., Sharma, V., Pandya, H. et al. Longitudinal epidemiological study of coronary heart disease in a rural population of Kheda district, Gujarat, India. Soz Präventivmed 41, 373–379 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01324287

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