Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Use of cardiovascular magnetic resonance for diagnosis and management in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

  • Published:
Current Cardiology Reports Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is an inherited cardiac disorder characterized by unexplained myocardial hypertrophy. The condition is associated with sudden cardiac death and is therefore often diagnosed postmortem, especially in the young and in competitive athletes. For this reason, intense research focuses on developing strategies to minimize this tragic consequence. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is a novel imaging modality that provides high-resolution images in an infinite number of planes with additional sequences that allows for tissue characterization and quantification of flow. The most exciting development is the application of late gadolinium-enhanced (LGE) imaging, which allows for in vivo detection of myocardial fibrosis. This review summarizes the current applications of CMR in HCM and also speculates on future applications, particularly the potential for risk stratification using LGE-CMR.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References and Recommended Reading

  1. Maron BJ: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a systematic review. JAMA 2002, 287:1308–1320.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Marian AJ, Roberts R: Recent advances in the molecular genetics of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Circulation 1995, 92:1336–1347.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Roberts R, Sigwart U: New concepts in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, part I. Circulation 2001, 104:2113–2116.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Maron BJ, McKenna WJ, Danielson GK, et al.: American College of Cardiology/European Society of Cardiology Clinical Expert Consensus Document on Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. A report of the American College of Cardiology Task Force on Clinical Expert Consensus Documents and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines Committee to Develop an Expert Consensus Document on Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol 2003, 42:1687–1713.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Maron BJ, Gardin JM, Flack JM, et al.: Prevalence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in a general population of young adults: echocardiographic analysis of 4111 subjects in a CARDIA study. Circulation 1995, 92:785–789.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Spirito P, Bellone P, Harris KM, et al.: Magnitude of left ventricular hypertrophy predicts the risk of sudden death in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. N Engl J Med 2000, 342:1778–1785.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Elliott PM, Poloniecki J, Dickie S, et al.: Sudden death in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: identification of high risk patients. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000, 36:2212–2218.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Maron BJ, Seidman JG, Seidman CE. Proposal for contemporary screening strategies in families with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol 2004, 44:2125–2132.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Braunwald E, Seidman CE, Sigwart U: Contemporary evaluation and management of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Circulation 2002, 106:1312–1316.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Rickers C, Wilke NM, Jerosch-Herold M, et al.: Utility of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Circulation 2005, 112:855–861.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Moon JCC, Fisher NG, McKenna WJ, et al.: Detection of apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy by cardiovascular magnetic resonance in patients with nondiagnostic echocardiography. Heart 2004, 90:645–649.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Eriksson MJ, Sonnenberg B, Woo A, et al.: Long-term outcome in patients with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002, 39:638–645.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Grothues F, Smith GC, Moon JC, et al.: Comparison of interstudy reproducibility of cardiovascular magnetic resonance with two-dimensional echocardiography in normal subjects and in patients with heart failure or left ventricular hypertrophy. Am J Cardiol 2002, 90:29–34.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Schulz-Menger J, Abdel-Aty H, Busjahn A, et al.: Left ventricular outflow tract planimetry by cardiovascular magnetic resonance differentiates obstructive from nonobstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2006, 8:741–746.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Maron BJ, Wolfson JK, Epstein SE, et al.: Intramural small vessel coronary artery disease in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol 1986, 8:545–557.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Moon JC, Reed E, Sheppard MN, et al.: The histologic basis of late gadolinium enhancement cardiovascular magnetic resonance in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol 2004, 43:2260–2264.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Choudhury L, Mahrholdt H, Wagner A, et al.: Myocardial scarring in asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002, 40:2156–2164.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Moon JC, Mogensen J, Elliott PM, et al.: Myocardial late gadolinium enhancement cardiovascular magnetic resonance in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy caused by mutations in troponin I. Heart 2005, 91:1036–1040.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Teraoka K, Hirano M, Ookubo H, et al.: Delayed contrast enhancement of MRI in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Magn Reson Imaging 2004, 22:155–161.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Harris KM, Spirito P, Maron MS, et al.: Prevalence, clinical profile, and significance of left ventricular remodeling in the end-stage phase of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Circulation 2006, 114:216–225.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Mogensen J, Murphy RT, Shaw T, et al.: Severe disease expression of cardiac troponin C and T mutations in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol 2004, 44:2033–2040.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Ennis DB, Epstein FH, Kellman P, et al.: Assessment of regional systolic and diastolic dysfunction in familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy using MR tagging. Magn Reson Med 2003, 50:638–642.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. van Dockum WG, Beek AM, ten Cate FJ, et al.: Early onset and progression of left ventricular remodeling after alcohol septal ablation in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. Circulation 2005, 111:2503–2508.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Corrado D, Basso C, Schiavon M, et al.: Screeing for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in young athletes. N Engl J Med 1998, 339:364–369.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Maron BJ, Mathenge R, Casey SA, et al.: Clinical profile of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy identified de novo in rural communities. J Am Coll Cardiol 1999, 33:1590–1595.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Moon JC, Sheppard M, Reed E, et al.: The histological basis of late gadolinium enhancement cardiovascular magnetic resonance in a patient with Anderson-Fabry disease. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2006, 8:479–482.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Maceira AM, Joshi J, Prasad SK, et al.: Cardiovascular magnetic resonance in cardiac amyloidosis. Circulation 2005, 111:186–193.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Maron BJ: Structural features of the athlete heart as defined by echocardiography. J Am Coll Cardiol 1986, 7:190–203.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Bellenger NG, Gatehouse PD, Rajappan K, et al.: Left ventricular quantification in heart failure by cardiovascular MR using prospective respiratory navigator gating: comparison with breath-hold acquisition. J Magn Reson Imaging 2000, 11:411–417.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Pan L, Stuber M, Kraitchman DL, et al.: Real-time imaging of regional myocardial function using fast-SENC. Magn Reson Med 2006, 55:386–395.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Senthil V, Chen SN, Tysbouleva N, et al.: Prevention of cardiac hypertrophy by atorvastatin in a transgenic rabbit model of human hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Circ Res 2005, 97:285–292.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital, Sydney Street, London, SW3 6NP, UK

    Sanjay K. Prasad MD, MRCP

Authors
  1. Rory O’Hanlon MB, MRCP
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Ravi G. Assomull MBBChir, MRCP, GCSE
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Sanjay K. Prasad MD, MRCP
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sanjay K. Prasad MD, MRCP.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

O’Hanlon, R., Assomull, R.G. & Prasad, S.K. Use of cardiovascular magnetic resonance for diagnosis and management in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Curr Cardiol Rep 9, 51–56 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11886-007-0010-0

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11886-007-0010-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation