An automated system for ECG monitoring

doi:10.1016/0010-4809(79)90015-6

Computers and Biomedical Research

Volume 12, Issue 2, April 1979, Pages 181-202

Computers and Biomed...

https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-4809(79)90015-6 Get rights and content

Abstract

To relieve the staff in the coronary care unit of the tiresome but still relatively inaccurate visual arrhythmia observation, a computerized system for ECG monitoring has been developed. The classification of ORST complexes is based on a scheme for feature extraction, approximating each waveform from a number of orthogonal basis signals. Ventricular and supraventricular ectopic beats are separated from normal complexes, using a set of linear discriminant functions. For recognition of ventricular fibrillation the power spectrum of the ECG is utilized. When an alarm condition has been recognized, the nurse is alerted through a wireless alarm-transmitting system, activated by the computer. Simultaneously, the cause of the alarm is displayed on video screens in the monitoring station and at the bedside. Since 1976 the system has been in continuous routine use in an eight-patient ward. A low rate of false alarms has contributed to the clinical acceptance of the system.

References (24)

D.W. Romhilt et al.
Unreliability of conventional electrocardiographic monitoring for arrhythmia detection in coronary care units
Amer. J. Cardiol.
(1973)
P.M. Shah et al.
Automatic real time arrhythmia monitoring in the intensive coronary care unit
Amer. J. Cardiol.
(1977)
N.J. Vetter et al.
Comparison of arrhythmia computer and conventional monitoring in coronary-care unit
Lancet
(1975)
J. Richardson et al.
A mathematical model for ECG wave forms and power spectra
Math. Biosci.
(1971)
A.S. Berson et al.
Filtering and sampling for electrocardiographic data processing
Comput. Biomed. Res.
(1977)
C.L. Feldman et al.
Computer detection of ventricular ectopic beats
Comput. Biomed. Res.
(1971)
F.M. Nolle
W. Sanders et al.
The stanford computer-based arrhythmia monitoring system
J.M. Neilson
An adaptive arrhythmia monitor
H.N. Hultgren et al.
Clinical evaluation of a new computerized arrhythmia monitoring system
Heart and Lung
(1975)

J. Hulting et al.

Accuracy of arrhythmia alarms from a computer-based arrhythmia monitoring system

Acta Med. Scand.

(1978)

O. Wigertz et al.

A computer-based system for continuous ECG monitoring

Cited by (40)

Role of Digital Health During Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic and Future Perspectives
2022, Cardiac Electrophysiology Clinics
Citation Excerpt :
AI has shown promise in assisting in diagnosis, disease prediction models, and response to treatment and prognosis.16 The concept of AI is not new in cardiac EP with automated ECG interpretations existing since the 1970s.17 However, interpretation of ECGs relies on expert opinion and requires training and expertise.
Psychosocial and physiological correlates of self-reported hearing problems in male and female musicians in symphony orchestras
2009, International Journal of Psychophysiology
Experimental and epidemiological research indicate an association between long-term stress and hearing problems, yet the mechanisms underlying these disorders are not yet fully established. Thus, in order to better understand the pathogenesis of stress-related hearing problems, the present study explored the symptoms and general physiological and psychosocial status of musicians in symphony orchestras. Orchestral musicians are an ideal group to study since physical, psychosocial, work-environmental and acoustic stressors are highly prevalent. The subjects where obtained from two different studies. The first group included 250 participants from 12 orchestras and is entitled “the epidemiological study”. The second group, entitled “the longitudinal study”, included 47 musicians who were assessed at five occasions (every half year) during two years. Thirty-one of the 47 participants were selected for sampling of physiological variables, i.e. 24-hour ECG to assess heart rate variability to evaluate the synergistic action of the autonomic system as well as saliva cortisol and testosterone levels. The results indicate that self-reported hearing problems are associated with perceived poorer psychosocial environment, as well as mental health symptoms and stress. High-frequency power of heart rate variability (parasympathetic activity) showed a negative relationship to hearing problems, implying a poorer ability to “unwind” from stress. Cortisol levels were not correlated to hearing problems whereas testosterone levels showed a tendency to be lower in subjects with hearing problems than in others. These findings provide evidence for a relationship between long-term stress and self-reported hearing problems and demonstrate a protective role of parasympathetic and anabolic activity on hearing status.
Saliva testosterone and heart rate variability in the professional symphony orchestra after "public faintings" of an orchestra member
2007, Psychoneuroendocrinology
Citation Excerpt :
Heart rate was analysed based on the 24 h ambulatory EKG recordings. Using a computer-assisted system on the digitally recorded EKG signal the QRS complexes were classified automatically (Nygårds, 1978). The consecutive RR intervals and the corresponding classification code were exported to an ASCII text file.
Musicians are sensitive to changes in their work environment. A 2-year longitudinal study with repeated observations was performed in two professional symphony orchestras. A representative sample from each one of them was selected, 15 and 16 members respectively. In one of them a wind player fainted twice in front of the audience shortly preceding and coinciding with the start of the study. Changes in two indicators that reflect regenerative/anabolic and parasympathetic tone, saliva testosterone concentration (STC) and very low-frequency power (VLFP) in heart rate variability were followed in relation to this dramatic change. Saliva samples and 24-h ECG heart rate variability recordings were collected on five occasions every 6 months during a 2-year period.
No changes were seen in the control orchestra whereas the levels showed a pronounced rise in the intervention orchestra during the first part of the study, starting from low levels. VLFP showed a similar pattern, with initially low and then rising level in the intervention orchestra and higher stable level in the other group. In the total study group, a rise in STC over the whole observation period was significantly correlated with increase in VLFP and also significantly correlated with a decrease in low/high-frequency power ratio in heart rate variability. The changes observed in the anabolic/regenerative STC and the parasympathetically influenced VLFP may reflect changes in the work environment associated with the faintings.
Depressive symptoms and heart rate variability in younger women after an acute coronary event
2010, European Journal of Preventive Cardiology
We investigated associations between depressive symptoms and reduced heart rate variability (HRV) in women aged 30–65 years after an acute coronary event.
Younger women have an increased mortality after myocardial infarction compared with men of similar age. Depression was hypothesized to contribute to the poor prognosis, possibly mediated by increased susceptibility to arrhythmias.
The Stockholm Female Coronary Risk study comprised of 292 women aged 30–65 years who were consecutively admitted for myocardial infarction or unstable angina pectoris during a 3-year period. Depressive symptoms were assessed by means of a 9-item questionnaire. Women with no or only one depressive symptom were classified as low-depression individuals, those with two or more depressive symptoms as high-depression individuals. HRV data were calculated from 24-h ambulatory electrocardiographic recordings 3–6 months after the initial event.
Reliable HRV data were obtained from 266 patients. Seventy women were low-depression individuals, and 196 women were high-depression individuals. In univariate analyses, the index of standard deviations of R–R intervals, very low-frequency power, low-frequency power and high-frequency power of HRV were lower in the high-depression individuals. After controlling for potential confounders (diabetes, hypertension, systolic blood pressure, body mass index and β-blocker medication), a significant difference between low and high-depression individuals was maintained for all indices except for high-frequency power.
The presence of two or more depressive symptoms was associated with reduced HRV in a high-risk group of younger women after an acute coronary event.
Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Electrophysiology—a Short Review
2023, Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine
Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Cardiac Electrophysiology and Clinical Diagnosis with Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Computational Modeling Techniques
2023, Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Science)

View all citing articles on Scopus

^☆: Supported by the Swedish Board for Technical Development (74-3820).

View full text

An automated system for ECG monitoring☆

Abstract

Amer. J. Cardiol.

Amer. J. Cardiol.

Lancet

Math. Biosci.

Comput. Biomed. Res.

Computer detection of ventricular ectopic beats

Comput. Biomed. Res.

The stanford computer-based arrhythmia monitoring system

An adaptive arrhythmia monitor

Clinical evaluation of a new computerized arrhythmia monitoring system

Heart and Lung

Accuracy of arrhythmia alarms from a computer-based arrhythmia monitoring system

Acta Med. Scand.

A computer-based system for continuous ECG monitoring