Clinical Studies
Predictors of Restenosis After Coronary Stent Implantation

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0735-1097(98)00076-XGet rights and content
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Abstract

Objectives. We sought to determine predictors of restenosis after coronary stenting (CS) in a consecutive series of patients.

Background. Although stenting in highly selected patient groups reduces restenosis, the results of stenting in a heterogeneous patient group and the effects of clinical and procedural factors on stent restenosis are currently unclear.

Methods. We analyzed the 6-month angiographic outcome of 500 lesions in 463 consecutive patients undergoing successful CS. Clinical, qualitative and quantitative angiographic variables were correlated with restenosis assessed as both a binary and a continuous variable.

Results. Restenosis, defined as the presence of >50% diameter stenosis in the dilated segment, was present in 105 (26%) of the 405 lesions with angiographic follow-up. The mean late lumen loss during the follow-up period was 0.79 ± 0.64 mm. Implantation of multiple stents (p < 0.0001) and a high acute gain (p < 0.0002) were independently associated with a higher late lumen loss. In contrast, the use of high inflation pressure (p < 0.02) and Palmaz-Schatz stents (p < 0.005) was independently associated with a lower late lumen loss. When restenosis was defined as a qualitative variable, implantation of multiple stents (p < 0.001), stenosis length (p < 0.01), small reference diameter (p < 0.02) and stent type other than Palmaz-Schatz (p < 0.01) were independent predictors of restenosis. None of the clinical variables tested was associated with restenosis.

Conclusions. Coronary stenting in an unselected patient group is associated with an acceptable restenosis rate. Although some risk factors were identified, the risk of restenosis was not related to most of the variables tested. This suggests that the superiority of CS over balloon angioplasty, in terms of restenosis, might also apply to subgroups of patients that were not included in the recent randomized studies.

Abbreviations

ACC
American College of Cardiology
AHA
American Heart Association
BA
balloon angioplasty
CAD
coronary artery disease
CS
coronary stenting
LAD
left anterior descending coronary artery
MLD
minimal lumen diameter
PTCA
percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
TIMI
Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction trial

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