Elsevier

Canadian Journal of Cardiology

Volume 27, Issue 6, November–December 2011, Pages 763-767
Canadian Journal of Cardiology

Clinical research
Long-Term Effects of Varying Alcohol Dosing in Percutaneous Septal Ablation for Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Randomized Study With a Follow-up up to 11 Years

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjca.2011.09.001Get rights and content

Abstract

Background

Highly symptomatic patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) are candidates for alcohol septal ablation (ASA). We wanted to determine long-term (> 60 months) clinical and echocardiographic outcomes of patients treated with low (1-2 mL) or high (> 2 mL) doses of alcohol.

Methods

Seventy-six patients were randomized into 2 arms in a 1:1 ratio, and subsequently were treated by ASA with a low (1-2 mL) or high (> 2 mL) dose of alcohol. Clinical and echocardiographic examinations were performed at baseline, 1 year after the procedure, and at the end of follow-up (at least 60 months after ASA).

Results

Both groups of patients matched in all baseline clinical and echocardiographic data. In a total of 76 patients, 86 septal branches were ablated in 80 ASA procedures (2 repeat procedures in each group). There were no differences in postprocedural complications. Seven patients (4 vs 3 patients; not significant) died during follow-up (60-138 months; median 85 months). Pressure gradients decreased significantly in both groups (from 74 ± 36 to 24 ± 32 mm Hg in the low-dose group and from 74 ± 39 mm Hg to 18 ± 20 mm Hg in the high-dose group). There were no significant differences between the groups, and all main hemodynamic and echocardiographic changes occurred in the first postprocedural year. At final examination, there were no patients with New York Heart Association class > 2 dyspnea in either group.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates that ASA for obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is safe and effective in long-term follow-up. No differences in long-term efficacy and safety were found between low and high doses of alcohol.

Résumé

Introduction

Les patients très symptomatiques ayant une cardiomyopathie hypertrophique (CMH) obstructive sont des candidats pour l'ablation septale à l'alcool (ASA). Nous avons voulu déterminer les résultats cliniques et échocardiographiques à long terme (> 60 mois) des patients traités à faibles doses (1-2 ml) ou à doses élevées (> 2 ml) d'alcool.

Méthodes

Soixante-seize patients ont été choisis de manière aléatoire dans 2 groupes selon un ratio 1:1 et, subséquemment, ils ont été traités par une ASA à faible dose (1-2 ml) ou à dose élevée (> 2 ml) d'alcool. Des examens cliniques et échocardiographiques ont été faits au début, 1 an après l'intervention et à la fin du suivi (au moins 60 mois après l'ASA).

Résultats

Les deux groupes de patients ont été appariés selon toutes les données cliniques et échocardiographiques du début. Pour un total de 76 patients, il y a eu 86 ablations de branches septales pour 80 ASA (2 interventions répétées dans chaque groupe). Il n'y a eu aucune différence dans les complications après l'intervention. Sept patients (4 vs 3 patients; non significatif) sont morts durant le suivi (60 à 138 mois; médiane de 85 mois). Les gradients de pression ont diminué significativement dans les deux groupes (de 74 ± 36 à 24 ± 32 mm Hg dans le groupe à faible dose et de 74 ± 39 mm Hg à 18 ± 20 mm Hg dans le groupe à dose élevée). Il n'y a pas eu de différences significatives entre les groupes, et tous les principaux changements hémodynamiques et échocardiographiques sont apparus dans la première année suivant l'intervention. À l'examen final, aucun patient n'a eu une dyspnée > 2 selon la classification de la New York Heart Association dans l'un ou l'autre des groupes.

Conclusions

Cette étude démontre que l'ASA pour les CMH obstructives est sécuritaire et efficace lors d'un suivi à long terme. Aucune différence dans l'efficacité et la sécurité à long terme n'a été obtenue entre les faibles doses et les doses élevées d'alcool.

Section snippets

Methods

Patients with symptomatic obstructive HCM (New York Heart Association [NYHA] class ≥ II) receiving maximum medical therapy were consecutively enrolled between January 1999 and December 2005. All patients had to have a basal septal thickness > 15 mm and maximal left ventricular (LV) outflow pressure gradient > 30 mm Hg at rest or > 50 mm Hg under provocation (application of isosorbide dinitrate in sublingual form). Seventy-six patients were randomized into 2 arms in a 1:1 ratio and subsequently

Results

In a total of 76 patients, we ablated 86 septal branches in 80 ASA procedures. In the low-dose group, 39 ASA procedures were performed on 37 patients. Similarly, in the high-dose group, 41 ASA procedures were performed on 39 patients (2 repeat procedures in each group). Alcohol injection volumes were 1.1 ± 0.2 and 2.5 ± 0.8 mL (P < 0.01). The subsequent CK-MB peak was 1.7 ± 0.8 vs 2.6 ± 1.3 μkatal/L (P < 0.01). There was a moderate correlation between peak CK-MB and the amount of alcohol used (r

Discussion

This study demonstrates that ASA treatment for obstructive HCM is safe and effective in the long-term. No differences were found between patients treated with low or high doses of alcohol with respect to the long-term efficacy and safety of ASA. Interestingly, Lawrenz et al. have presented recently that reduction of alcohol dose below 1 mL resulted in lower myocardial damage (biomarker release), but the residual gradient was unsatisfactorily high. On the other hand, a mean dose 1.4 mL led both

Conclusion

This study demonstrates that ASA for obstructive HCM is safe and effective in long-term follow-up. No differences in long-term efficacy and safety were found between low and high doses of alcohol.

Funding Sources

This work was supported by a grant from the Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic VZFNM2005 and NT/11401-5/2011.

Disclosures

The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.

References (18)

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