Skip to main content

Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript.

  • Article
  • Published:

Serial magnetic resonance imaging of experimental atherosclerosis detects lesion fine structure, progression and complications in vivo

Abstract

A major problem in the study of lesions of atherosclerosis is the difficulty of imaging noninvasively the lesions and following their progression in vivo. To address this problem, we have developed advanced magnetic resonance techniques to noninvasively and serially image advanced lesions of atherosclerosis in the rabbit abdominal aorta. Both lumen and wall were imaged with high resolution. Progression of disease, resulting in increase in lesion mass, decrease in arterial lumen, or stenosis, and intralesion complications, can be detected. Images acquired in vivo correlate with the fine structure of the lesions of atherosclerosis, including the fibrous cap, necrotic core, and lesion fissures, as verified by gross examination, dissection microscopy, and histology. The ability to noninvasively identify the features of atherosclerotic plaques, has significant implications for determining risks and benefits associated with different therapeutic approaches.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution

Access options

Buy this article

Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Ross, R. The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis: A perspective for the 1990s. Nature 362, 801–809 (1993).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Faggiotto, A., Ross, R. & Marker, L. Studies of hypercholesterolemia in the non-human primate. I. Changes that lead to fatty streak formation. Arteriosclerosis 4, 323–340 (1984).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Faggiotto, A. & Ross, R. Studies of hypercholesterolemia in the nonhuman primate. II. Fatty streak conversion to fibrous plaque. Arteriosclerosis 4, 341–356 (1984).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Masuda, J. & Ross, R. Atherogenesis during low level hypercholesterolemia in the nonhuman primate. I. Fatty streak formation. Arteriosclerosis 10, 164–177 (1990).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Masuda, J. & Ross, R. Atherogenesis during low level hypercholesterolemia in the nonhuman primate. II. Fatty streak conversion to fibrous plaque. Arteriosclerosis 10, 178–187 (1990).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Gerrity, R.G. The role of the monocyte in atherogenesis: I. Transition of blood-borne monocytes into foam cells in fatty lesions. Am J. Pathol. 103, 181–190 (1981).

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  7. Gerrity, R.G. The role of the monocyte in atherogenesis. II. Migration of foam cells from atherosclerotic lesions. Am J. Pathol 103, 191–200 (1981).

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  8. Stary, H.C. Evolution and progression of atherosclerotic lesions in coronary arteries of children and young adults. Arteriosclerosis 9 (suppl. I), 119132 (1989).

  9. Davies, M.J. & Thomas, A. Thrombosis and acute coronary-artery lesions in sudden cardiac ischemic death. N. Engl. J. Med. 310, 1137–1140 (1984).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Topol, E.J. Textbook oflnterventional Cardiology, Vol. 1, 2nd Ed. (W. B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, 1994).

    Google Scholar 

  11. Fuster, V., Badimon, L., Badimon, J.J. & Chesebro, J.H. The pathogenesis of coronary artery disease and the acute coronary syndromes, part one. N. Engl. J. Med. 326, 242–250 (1992).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Fuster, V., Badimon, L., Badimon, J.J. & Chesebro, J.H. The pathogenesis of coronary artery disease and the acute coronary syndromes, part two N. Engl. J. Med. 326, 310–318 (1992).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Davies, M.J. & Woolf, N. Atherosclerosis: what is it and why does it occur? Br. Heart J. 69 (suppl.), S3S11 (1993).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Constantinides, P. Plaque fissures in human coronary thrombosis. J. atheroscler. Res. 6, 1–17 (1966).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Falk, E. Unstable angina with fatal outcome: dynamic coronary thrombosis leading to infarction and/or sudden death. Autopsy evidence of recurrent mural thrombosis with peripheral embolization culminating in total vascular occlusion. Circulation 71, 699–708 (1985).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Glagov, S., Zarins, C., Giddens, D.P. & Ku, D.N. Hemodynamics and atherosclerosis. Insights and perspectives gained from studies of human arteries. Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. 112, 1018–1031 (1988).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Forrester, J.S., Litvack, F. & Grundfest, W. Initiating events of acute coronary arterial occlusion. Annu. Rev. Med. 42, 35–45 (1991).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Mizuno, K. et al. Angioscopic evaluation of coronary-artery thrombi in acute coronary syndromes. N. Engl. J. Med. 326, 287–291 (1992).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Herfkens, R.J. et al. Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging of atherosclerotic disease. Radiology 148, 161–166 (1983).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Mohiaddin, R.H. & Longmore, D.B. MRI studies of atherosclerotic vascular disease: Structural evaluation and physiological measurements. Br. Med. Bull. 45, 968–990 (1989).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Pearlman, J.D., Southern, J.F. & Ackerman, J.L. Nuclear megnetic resonance microscopy of atheroma in human coronary arteries. Angiology 42, 726–733 (1991).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Vinitski, S., et al. Magnetic resonance chemical shift imaging and spectroscopy of atherosclerotic plaque. Invest. Radiol. 26, 703–714 (1991).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Maynor, C.H., Charles, H.C., Herfkens, R.J., Suddarth, S.A. & Johnson, G.A. Chemical shift imaging of atherosclerosis at 7.0 Tesla. Invest. Radiol. 24, 52–60 (1989).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Merickel, M.B. et al. Indentification and 3-D quantification of atherosclerosis using magnetic resonance imaging. Comput. Biol. Med. 18, 89–102 (1988).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Merickel, M.B. et al. Noninvasive quantitative evaluation of atherosclerosis using MRI and image analysis. Arterioscler. Thromb. 13, 1180–1186 (1993).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Pearlman, J.D. et al. High-resolution 1H NMR spectral signature from human atheroma. Magn. Reson. Med. 7, 262–279 (1988).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Matwiyoff, C., Gasparovic, C., Mazurchuk, R. & Matwiyoff, G. The line shapes of the water proton resonances of red blood cells containing carbonyl hemoglobin, deoxyhemoglobin, and methaemoglobin: Implications for the interpretation of proton MRI at field of 1.5T and below. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 8, 295–301 (1990).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Hayes, C., Mathis, C.M. & Yuan, C. Surface coil phased arrays for high resolution imaging of the carotid arteries. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging, in the press.

  29. Manning, W.J., Li, W. & Edelman, R.R. A preliminary report comparing magnetic resonance coronary angiography with conventional angiography. N. Engl J. Med. 328, 828–832 (1993).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Edelman, R.R. & Warach, S. Magnetic resonance imaging. N. Engl. J. Med. 328, 708–716 (1993).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Edelman, R.R. & Warach, S. Magnetic resonance imaging. N. Engl. J. Med. 328, 785–791 (1993).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Mohiaddin, R.H. & Longmore, D.B. Functional aspects of cardiovascular nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. Techniques and application. Circulation 88, 264–281 (1993).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Gold, G.E. et al. Characterization of atherosclerosis with a 1.5T imaging system. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 3, 399–407 (1993).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Skinner, M., Yuan, C., Mitsumori, L. et al. Serial magnetic resonance imaging of experimental atherosclerosis detects lesion fine structure, progression and complications in vivo. Nat Med 1, 69–73 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1038/nm0195-69

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nm0195-69

This article is cited by

Search

Quick links

Nature Briefing

Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science, free to your inbox daily.

Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. Sign up for Nature Briefing