Abstract
Heart failure is a complex neurohumoral and inflammatory syndrome. Recent studies have shown that proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1, interleukin-2, interleukin-6, interleukin-10, and tumor necrosis factor) are involved in cardiac depression and in the complex syndrome of heart failure. Understanding the involvement of these cytokines may enable us to reverse cardiac depression and heart failure by the use of monoclonal antibodies directed against specific cytokines to block the downhill progression of heart failure.
MeSH terms
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Antibodies, Monoclonal / therapeutic use
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Autonomic Nervous System / physiopathology
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Cytokines / antagonists & inhibitors
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Cytokines / blood
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Cytokines / immunology*
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Disease Models, Animal
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Disease Progression
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Heart Failure / blood
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Heart Failure / immunology*
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Heart Failure / physiopathology*
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Heart Failure / therapy
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Humans
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Inflammation
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Interleukin-1 / antagonists & inhibitors
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Interleukin-1 / immunology*
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Interleukin-10 / antagonists & inhibitors
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Interleukin-10 / immunology*
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Interleukin-2 / antagonists & inhibitors
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Interleukin-2 / immunology*
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Interleukin-6 / antagonists & inhibitors
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Interleukin-6 / immunology*
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Neurotransmitter Agents / physiology
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / antagonists & inhibitors
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / immunology*
Substances
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Antibodies, Monoclonal
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Cytokines
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Interleukin-1
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Interleukin-2
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Interleukin-6
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Neurotransmitter Agents
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
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Interleukin-10