Influence of prehospital administration of aspirin and heparin on initial patency of the infarct-related artery in patients with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction

J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002 Jun 5;39(11):1733-7. doi: 10.1016/s0735-1097(02)01856-9.

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of prehospital administration of aspirin and heparin on the initial patency of the infarct-related artery (IRA) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI).

Background: Prehospital diagnosis of acute MI facilitates early pharmacologic intervention on the way to the catheterization laboratory for primary angioplasty.

Methods: We studied the angiographic data and 30-day clinical outcome of 1,702 patients treated with primary angioplasty; 860 received aspirin and heparin before transportation to our hospital and 842 received aspirin and heparin in our hospital.

Results: The Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) 2 or 3 flow in the IRA was higher in the prehospital treated group (31% vs. 20%, relative risk 0.65, 95% confidence interval 0.55 to 0.78, p < 0.001). Patients with TIMI 2 or 3 flow on the initial angiogram had a higher angioplasty success rate (94% vs. 89%, p < 0.001), a smaller enzymatic infarct size, a higher left ventricular ejection fraction and a lower 30-day mortality (1.6% vs. 3.4%, p = 0.04).

Conclusions: Prehospital administration of aspirin and heparin results in a higher initial patency of the IRA in patients with acute MI.

MeSH terms

  • Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary
  • Aspirin / therapeutic use*
  • Coronary Angiography
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Electrocardiography
  • Emergency Medical Services*
  • Fibrinolytic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Heparin / therapeutic use*
  • Humans
  • Middle Aged
  • Myocardial Infarction / drug therapy*
  • Myocardial Infarction / physiopathology
  • Myocardial Infarction / therapy

Substances

  • Fibrinolytic Agents
  • Heparin
  • Aspirin