Footnotes

• Contributors MV and EG were involved in the conception, design and drafting of this manuscript. MV, MB, MM, PAS, FA, HS, MZ, MS, SB, HAK and EG critically revised the draft manuscript. FA and HS prepared and interpreted the sections on MRI. All the authors read and approved the final manuscript.

• Competing interests In compliance with EBAC/EACCME guidelines, all authors participating in Education in Heart have disclosed potential conflicts of interest that might cause a bias in the article. EG is a consultant to Roche Diagnostics and Brahms Biomarkers and has received speakers’ honoraria from Roche Diagnostics, Siemens Healthcare, Brahms Biomarkers, and Mitsubishi Chemicals. HAK has developed the cardiac troponin T assay and holds a patent jointly with Roche Diagnostics. He has received grants and research support from several companies, and has received honoraria for lectures from Roche Diagnostics. SB reported receiving lecture fees from and consulting for Brahms Thermo Fisher and receiving lecture fees from Abbott Diagnostics and Siemens. MV has been reimbursed for travel expenses and fees associated with attending seminars and conferences by Octapharma, Lilly Germany, GlaxoSmithKline, Roche Diagnostics, Brahms, Leo Pharma, and Abbott. All other authors declared no competing interests.

• Provenance and peer review Commissioned; externally peer reviewed.