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Original research article
Symptomatic partial and transitional atrioventricular septal defect repaired in infancy
  1. Sylvia Krupickova1,
  2. Gareth J Morgan2,
  3. Mun Hong Cheang3,
  4. Michael L Rigby1,
  5. Rodney C Franklin1,
  6. Andrea Battista4,
  7. Ariana Spanaki2,
  8. Beatrice Bonello4,
  9. Olivier Ghez1,
  10. David Anderson2,
  11. Victor Tsang3,4,
  12. Guido Michielon1,
  13. Jan Marek3,4,
  14. Alain Fraisse1
  1. 1 Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
  2. 2 Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Evelina London Children’s Hospital, London, UK
  3. 3 UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
  4. 4 Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
  1. Correspondence to Professor Alain Fraisse, Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Royal Brompton Hospital, London SW3 6NP, UK; a.fraisse{at}rbht.nhs.uk

Abstract

Objectives Infants with symptomatic partial and transitional atrioventricular septal defect undergoing early surgical repair are thought to be at greater risk. However, the outcome and risk profile of this cohort of patients are poorly defined. The aim of this study was to investigate the outcome of symptomatic infants undergoing early repair and to identify risk factors which may predict mortality and reoperation.

Methods This multicentre study recruited 51 patients (24 female) in three tertiary centres between 2000 and 2015. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) partial and transitional atrioventricular septal defect, (2) heart failure unresponsive to treatment, (3) biventricular repair during the first year of life.

Results Median age at definitive surgery was 179 (range 0–357) days. Sixteen patients (31%) had unfavourable anatomy of the left atrioventricular valve: dysplastic (n=7), double orifice (n=3), severely deficient valve leaflets (n=1), hypoplastic left atrioventricular orifice and/or mural leaflet (n=3), short/poorly defined chords (n=2). There were three inhospital deaths (5.9%) after primary repair. Eleven patients (22%) were reoperated at a median interval of 40 days (4 days to 5.1 years) for severe left atrioventricular valve regurgitation and/or stenosis. One patient required mechanical replacement of the left atrioventricular valve. After median follow-up of 3.8 years (0.1–11.4 years), all patients were in New York Heart Association (NYHA) class I. In multivariable analysis, unfavourable anatomy of the left atrioventricular valve was the only risk factor associated with left atrioventricular valve reoperation.

Conclusions Although surgical repair is successful in the majority of the cases, patients with partial and transitional atrioventricular septal defect undergoing surgical repair during infancy experience significant morbidity and mortality. The reoperation rate is high with unfavourable left atrioventricular valve anatomy.

  • congenital heart disease
  • congenital heart disease surgery

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Footnotes

  • Contributors All authors contributed substantially to the manuscript. AF, GJM and JM designed the study. SK, MHC, AB, BB and AS collected the data. MHC performed the statistical analysis. SK, AF, MLR, RCF, GM, VT, OG and DA drafted the manuscript. SK and AF submitted the study. All authors approved the final manuscript.

  • Competing interests None declared.

  • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

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