Footnotes

• Twitter @giasav

• Contributors The two authors have provided significant contributions to the manuscript.

• Funding The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.

• Competing interests GS reports grants and personal fees from Vifor, grants and non-financial support from Boehringer Ingelheim, personal fees from Societa' Prodotti Antibiotici, grants from MSD, grants and personal fees from AstraZeneca, personal fees from Roche, personal fees from Servier, grants from Novartis, personal fees from GENESIS, personal fees from Cytokinetics, personal fees from Medtronic, outside the submitted work.

• Patient and public involvement Patients and/or the public were not involved in the design, or conduct, or reporting, or dissemination plans of this research.

• Patient consent for publication Not required.

• Provenance and peer review Commissioned; internally peer reviewed.