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Original research
Do underlying cardiovascular diseases have any impact on hospitalised patients with COVID-19?
  1. Jixiang Zhang1,
  2. Shimin Lu1,
  3. Xiaoli Wang2,
  4. Xuemei Jia1,
  5. Jiao Li1,
  6. Hongbo Lei3,
  7. Zhengru Liu1,
  8. Fei Liao1,
  9. Mengyao Ji1,
  10. Xiaoguang Lv1,
  11. Jian Kang1,
  12. Shan Tian1,
  13. Jingjing Ma4,
  14. Dandan Wu5,
  15. Yang Gong6,
  16. Yu Xu7,
  17. Weiguo Dong1
  1. 1 Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
  2. 2 Department of Plastic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
  3. 3 Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
  4. 4 Department of Geriatrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
  5. 5 Department of Respirology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
  6. 6 Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
  7. 7 Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
  1. Correspondence to Professor Weiguo Dong, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; dwg{at}whu.edu.cn; Professor Yu Xu, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Renmin hospital of Wuhan university, Wuhan, Hubei, China; xy37138{at}163.com

Abstract

Objectives An outbreak of the highly contagious severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has sickened thousands of people in China. The purpose of this study was to explore the early clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Methods This is a retrospective analysis of patients with COVID-19 from a single centre. All patients underwent real-time reverse transcription PCR for SARS-CoV-2 on admission. Demographic and clinical factors and laboratory data were reviewed and collected to evaluate for significant associations.

Results The study included 541 patients with COVID-19. A total of 144 (26.6%) patients had a history of CVD. The mortality of patients with CVD reached 22.2%, which was higher than that of the overall population of this study (9.8%). Patients with CVD were also more likely to develop liver function abnormality, elevated blood creatinine and lactic dehydrogenase (p<0.05). Symptoms of sputum production were more common in patients with CVD (p=0.026). Lymphocytes, haemoglobin and albumin below the normal range were pervasive in the CVD group (p<0.05). The proportion of critically ill patients in the CVD group (27.8%) was significantly higher than that in the non-CVD group (8.8%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that CVD (OR: 2.735 (95% CI 1.495 to 5.003), p=0.001) was associated with critical COVID-19 condition, while patients with coronary heart disease were less likely to reach recovery standards (OR: 0.331 (95% CI 0.125 to 0.880), p=0.027).

Conclusions Considering the high prevalence of CVD, a thorough CVD assessment at diagnosis and early intervention are recommended in COVID-19 patients with CVD. Patients with CVD are more vulnerable to deterioration.

  • electronic medical records
  • cardiac rehabilitation
  • hypertension
  • cardiac risk factors and prevention

This article is made freely available for use in accordance with BMJ’s website terms and conditions for the duration of the covid-19 pandemic or until otherwise determined by BMJ. You may use, download and print the article for any lawful, non-commercial purpose (including text and data mining) provided that all copyright notices and trade marks are retained.

https://bmj.com/coronavirus/usage

https://doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2020-316909

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    Footnotes

    • JZ and SL are joint first authors.

    • JZ and SL contributed equally.

    • Contributors JZ and SL shared first authorship. WD and YX contributed equally to this article. Concept and design: JZ, SL, WD and YX. Acquisition, analysis or interpretation of data: XJ, SL, JL, HL, MJ, JJM, SL, DW and WD. Drafting of the manuscript: JZ, SL and YX. Statistical analysis: XJ, ST, SL, ZL, XL, LF, JK, YG and WD. Supervision: WD and YX. All authors have been personally and actively involved in the substantive work leading to the report and will hold themselves jointly and individually responsible for its content.

    • Funding This research was supported by a grant from the Nature Science Foundation of China (grant 81870392).

    • Competing interests None declared.

    • Patient and public involvement Patients and/or the public were not involved in the design, or conduct, or reporting, or dissemination plans of this research.

    • Patient consent for publication Not required.

    • Ethics approval The study was approved by the Wuhan University Ethics Committee.

    • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

    • Data availability statement Data are available upon reasonable request. All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this article.

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