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Cardiac risk factors and prevention
Original research
Association of lipoprotein(a) levels with recurrent events in patients with coronary artery disease
  1. Hui-Hui Liu1,
  2. Ye-Xuan Cao1,
  3. Jing-Lu Jin1,
  4. Hui-Wen Zhang1,
  5. Qi Hua2,
  6. Yan-Fang Li3,
  7. Yuan-Lin Guo1,
  8. Cheng-Gang Zhu1,
  9. Na-Qiong Wu1,
  10. Ying Gao1,
  11. Rui-Xia Xu1,
  12. Li-Feng Hong4,
  13. Jian-Jun Li1
  1. 1 FuWai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
  2. 2 XuanWu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
  3. 3 Beijing AnZhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
  4. 4 The Fifth Hospital of Wuhan & Cardiovascular Institute of Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
  1. Correspondence to Professor Jian-Jun Li, Fu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China; 13901010368{at}163.com

Abstract

Objective Whether lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) is a predictor for recurrent cardiovascular events (RCVEs) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) has not been established. This study, hence, aimed to examine the potential impact of Lp(a) on RCVEs in a real-world, large cohort of patients with the first cardiovascular event (CVE).

Methods In this multicentre, prospective study, 7562 patients with angiography-diagnosed CAD who had experienced a first CVE were consecutively enrolled. Lp(a) concentrations of all subjects were measured at admission and the participants were categorised according to Lp(a) tertiles. All patients were followed-up for the occurrence of RCVEs including cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction and stroke.

Results During a mean follow-up of 61.45±19.57 months, 680 (9.0%) RCVEs occurred. The results showed that events group had significantly higher Lp(a) levels than non-events group (20.58 vs 14.95 mg/dL, p<0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that Lp(a) tertile 2 (p=0.001) and tertile 3 (p<0.001) groups had significantly lower cumulative event-free survival rates compared with tertile 1 group. Moreover, multivariate Cox regression analysis further revealed that Lp(a) was independently associated with RCVEs risk (HR: 2.01, 95% CI: 1.44 to 2.80, p<0.001). Moreover, adding Lp(a) to the SMART risk score model led to a slight but significant improvement in C-statistic (∆C-statistic: 0.018 (95% CI: 0.011 to 0.034), p=0.002), net reclassification (6.8%, 95% CI: 0.5% to 10.9%, p=0.040) and integrated discrimination (0.3%, 95% CI: 0.1% to 0.7%, p<0.001).

Conclusions Circulating Lp(a) concentration was indeed a useful predictor for the risk of RCVEs in real-world treated patients with CAD, providing additional information concerning the future clinical application of Lp(a).

  • Lipoproteins and hyperlipidaemia
  • coronary artery disease
  • cardiac risk factors and prevention

https://doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2020-316586

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    Footnotes

    • Contributors H-HL designed this study and wrote the manuscript; Y-XC, J-LJ, H-WZ were in charge of the statistical analysis and interpretation of the results; QH, Y-FL, Y-LG, C-GZ, N-QW, YG, R-XX and L-FH conducted this study and collected data. J-JL designed this study and made critical revisions of the manuscript.

    • Funding This work was partially supported by the Capital Health Development Fund (201614035) and CAMS Major Collaborative Innovation Project (2016-I2M-1-011) awarded to J-JL, the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2019-XHQN09) and the Youth Research Fund of Peking Union Medical College (2019-F11) awarded to H-HL and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2018-XHQN03) and the Youth Research Fund of Peking Union Medical College (2018-F05) awarded to YG.

    • Disclaimer The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript.

    • Competing interests None declared.

    • Patient and public involvement Patients and/or the public were not involved in the design, conduct, reporting or dissemination plans of this research.

    • Patient consent for publication Not required.

    • Ethics approval The research protocol complied with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the hospital’s ethical review board (Fu Wai Hospital & National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China). Each subject provided written, informed consent before enrolment.

    • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

    • Data availability statement Data are available on reasonable request from the corresponding author Professor J-JL.

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