Article Text
Abstract
Objective Current data regarding the impact of diabetes mellitus (DM) on cardiovascular mortality in patients with aortic stenosis (AS) are restricted to severe AS or aortic valve replacement (AVR) trials. We aimed to investigate cardiovascular mortality according to DM across the entire spectrum of outpatients with AS.
Methods Between May 2016 and December 2017, patients with mild (peak aortic velocity=2.5–2.9 m/s), moderate (3–3.9 m/s) and severe (≥4 m/s) AS graded by echocardiography were included during outpatient cardiology visits in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region in France and followed-up for modes of death between May 2018 and August 2020.
Results Among 2703 patients, 820 (30.3%) had DM, mean age was 76±10.8 years with 46.6% of women and a relatively high prevalence of underlying cardiovascular diseases. There were 200 cardiovascular deaths prior to AVR during the 2.1 years (IQR 1.4–2.7) follow-up period. In adjusted analyses, DM was significantly associated with cardiovascular mortality (HR=1.40, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.89; p=0.029). In mild or moderate AS, the cardiovascular mortality of patients with diabetes was similar to that of patients without diabetes. In severe AS, DM was associated with higher cardiovascular mortality (HR=2.65, 95% CI 1.50 to 4.68; p=0.001). This was almost exclusively related to a higher risk of death from heart failure (HR=2.61, 95% CI 1.15 to 5.92; p=0.022) and sudden death (HR=3.33, 95% CI 1.28 to 8.67; p=0.014).
Conclusion The effect of DM on cardiovascular mortality varied across AS severity. Despite no association between DM and outcomes in patients with mild/moderate AS, DM was strongly associated with death from heart failure and sudden death in patients with severe AS.
- Aortic Valve Stenosis
- Heart Failure
- Epidemiology
- Diabetes Mellitus
Data availability statement
Data are available on reasonable request.
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Data availability statement
Data are available on reasonable request.
Footnotes
Twitter @AugustinCoisne
Collaborators VALVENOR Investigators. For the full list of names, please see online supplemental file 2.
Contributors All the undersigning authors have substantially contributed to the paper. AC, DM and CB designed the trial and wrote the manuscript. CB performed statistical analyses. All authors reviewed the paper. All the undersigning authors have substantially contributed to the paper. AC, DM and CB designed the trial and wrote the manuscript. CB performed statistical analyses. All authors reviewed the paper. CB is acting as guarantor.
Funding This study was supported by a grant from Fédération Française de Cardiologie. DM is supported by grants from Agence Nationale pour la Recherche (ANR-10-LABX-0046, ANR TOMIS-Leucocyte: ANR-CE14-0003-01 and ANR CALMOS: ANR-18-CE17-0003-02), the Leducq Foundation LEAN Network 16CVD01 and the National Centre for Precision Diabetic Medicine—PreciDIAB (ANR-18-IBHU-0001; 20001891/NP0025517 /NP0025517; 2019_ESR_11).
Competing interests None declared.
Patient and public involvement Patients and/or the public were involved in the design, or conduct, or reporting, or dissemination plans of this research. Refer to the Methods section for further details.
Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.
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