RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Mitral valve prolapse and sudden cardiac death: a systematic review and meta-analysis
JF Heart
JO Heart
FD BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Cardiovascular Society
SP 144
OP 151
DO 10.1136/heartjnl-2017-312932
VO 105
IS 2
A1 Chrishan J Nalliah
A1 Rajiv Mahajan
A1 Adrian D Elliott
A1 Haris Haqqani
A1 Dennis H Lau
A1 Jitendra K Vohra
A1 Joseph B Morton
A1 Christopher Semsarian
A1 Thomas Marwick
A1 Jonathan M Kalman
A1 Prashanthan Sanders
YR 2019
UL http://heart.bmj.com/content/105/2/144.abstract
AB Objectives Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is commonly observed as a benign finding. However, the literature suggests that it may be associated with sudden cardiac death (SCD). We performed a meta-analysis and systematic review to determine the: (1) prevalence of MVP in the general population; (2) prevalence of MVP in all SCD and unexplained SCD; (3) incidence of SCD in MVP and (4) risk factors for SCD.Methods The English medical literature was searched for: (1) MVP community prevalence; (2) MVP prevalence in SCD cohorts; (3) incidence SCD in MVP and (4) SCD risk factors in MVP. Thirty-four studies were identified for inclusion. This study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42018089502).Results The prevalence of MVP was 1.2% (95% CI 0.5 to 2.0) in community populations. Among SCD victims, the cause of death remained undetermined in 22.1% (95% CI 13.4 to 30.7); of these, MVP was observed in 11.7% (95% CI 5.8 to 19.1). The incidence of SCD in the MVP population was 0.14% (95% CI 0.1 to 0.3) per year. Potential risk factors for SCD include bileaflet prolapse, ventricular fibrosis complex ventricular ectopy and ST-T wave abnormalities.Conclusion The high prevalence of MVP in cohorts of unexplained SCD despite low population prevalence provides indirect evidence of an association of MVP with SCD. The absolute number of people exposed to the risk of SCD is significant, although the incidence of life-threatening arrhythmic events in the general MVP population remains low. High-risk features include bileaflet prolapse, ventricular fibrosis, ST-T wave abnormalities and frequent complex ventricular ectopy.Trial registration PROSPERO (CRD42018089502).