PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - R. R. Chaturvedi
AU  - D. F. Shore
AU  - M. Yacoub
AU  - A. N. Redington
TI  - Intraoperative apical ventricular septal defect closure using a modified Rashkind double umbrella.
AID  - 10.1136/hrt.76.4.367
DP  - 1996 Oct 01
TA  - Heart
PG  - 367--369
VI  - 76
IP  - 4
4099  - http://heart.bmj.com/content/76/4/367.short
4100  - http://heart.bmj.com/content/76/4/367.full
SO  - Heart1996 Oct 01; 76
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the safety and efficacy of intraoperative apical ventricular septal defect (VSD) closure using a modified Rashkind double umbrella. DESIGN: Descriptive study of all patients in whom intraoperative device closure of apical VSDs was attempted. SETTING: A tertiary referral centre. PATIENTS: Four patients with an apical VSD requiring closure, during the period January 1993 to May 1995. INTERVENTIONS: Intraoperative placement of a modified Rashkind umbrella. RESULTS: Four successful placements resulting in apical VSD closure, as judged by transoesophageal colour flow mapping. Three patients received a 17 mm and one a 12 mm umbrella. Early complete closure was achieved in three patients. There was a small residual leak around the 12 mm device that had resolved at 5 month follow up. There was one early death, which was unrelated to VSD closure. CONCLUSION: Apical ventricular septal defects can be closed safely and effectively with intraoperative use of a modified Rashkind umbrella.