PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - G A Lanza
TI  - Cardiac syndrome X: a critical overview and future perspectives
AID  - 10.1136/hrt.2005.067330
DP  - 2007 Feb 01
TA  - Heart
PG  - 159--166
VI  - 93
IP  - 2
4099  - http://heart.bmj.com/content/93/2/159.short
4100  - http://heart.bmj.com/content/93/2/159.full
SO  - Heart2007 Feb 01; 93
AB  - The classic definition of cardiac syndrome X (CSX) seems inadequate both for clinical and research purposes and should be replaced with one aimed at including a sufficiently homogeneous group of patients with the common plausible pathophysiological mechanism of coronary microvascular dysfunction. More specifically, CSX should be defined as a form of stable effort angina, which, according to careful diagnostic investigation, can reasonably be attributed to abnormalities in the coronary microvascular circulation.