Influence of various clinical variables on survival at the time of study (mean 4.4 years after diagnosis)
| Variable | Survival (%) | p Value | RR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| CI, confidence interval; LV, left ventricular; NYHA IV, New York Heart Association functional grade IV; RR, relative risk. | |||
| Age (years) | 0.002 | ||
| <65 | 61.2 | — | |
| 65–75 | 46.8 | 1.82 (1.22 to 2.72) | |
| >75 | 25.0 | 2.48 (1.65 to 3.74) | |
| Female | 49.6 | 0.503 | — |
| Male | 44.9 | 1.03 (0.75 to 1.40) | |
| NYHA IV | 0.007 | ||
| No | 53.5 | — | |
| Yes | 36.8 | 1.96 (1.36 to 2.81) | |
| Third heart sound | 0.017 | ||
| No | 53.5 | — | |
| Yes | 36.8 | 1.61 (1.12 to 2.30) | |
| Chest radiography | |||
| Cardiomegaly | 0.010 | ||
| No | 75.0 | — | |
| Yes | 45.3 | 2.06 (1.01 to 4.21) | |
| Alveolar oedema | 0.003 | ||
| No | 55.0 | — | |
| Yes | 28.3 | 2.06 (1.44 to 2.95) | |
| Electrocardiography | |||
| Sinus rhythm | 0.405 | ||
| No | 44.1 | — | |
| Yes | 50.9 | 0.83 (0.60 to 1.15) | |
| Atrial fibrillation | 0.535 | ||
| No | 50.0 | — | |
| Yes | 45.5 | 1.25 (0.90 to 1.74) | |
| LV hypertrophy | 0.215 | ||
| No | 51.5 | — | |
| Yes | 41.4 | 1.23 (0.88 to 1.73) | |
| Cardiovascular risk factors | |||
| Arterial hypertension | 0.560 | ||
| No | 50.5 | — | |
| Yes | 45.5 | 1.13 (0.82 to 1.56) | |
| Hyperlipidaemia | 0.130 | ||
| No | 55.7 | — | |
| Yes | 43.7 | 1.17 (0.83 to 1.59) | |
| Diabetes mellitus | 0.036 | ||
| No | 50.0 | — | |
| Yes | 38.6 | 1.53 (1.07 to 2.18) | |
| Smoking | 0.951 | ||
| No | 46.5 | — | |
| Yes | 49.2 | 0.87 (0.60 to 1.25) | |
| Aetiology | |||
| Ischaemic heart disease | 0.932 | ||
| No | 47.9 | — | |
| Yes | 47.3 | 1.05 (0.76 to 1.44) | |
| Heart valve disease | 0.563 | ||
| No | 49.1 | — | |
| Yes | 43.1 | 1.25 (0.86 to 1.81) | |
| Dilated cardiomyopathy | 0.108 | ||
| No | 45.5 | — | |
| Yes | 66.7 | 1.37 (0.74 to 2.50) | |