Characteristics of the study population
| Characteristic | Smokers | Hypercholesterolaemic | Hypertensive | Controls |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Values are n or mean (SD). | ||||
| *p ≤ 0.05 v control. | ||||
| BMI, body mass index; HDL, high density lipoprotein; LDL, low density lipoprotein; LVMI, left ventricular mass index; VLDL, very low density lipoprotein. | ||||
| Number | 10 | 10 | 8 | 10 |
| Age (years) | 53 (2) | 56 (4) | 54 (4) | 57 (3) |
| Sex (male/female) | 6/4 | 5/5 | 5/4 | 4/5 |
| Lipid profile | ||||
| Total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 5.34 (0.26)* | 6.81 (0.26)* | 4.97 (0.18) | 4.14 (0.05) |
| LDL (mmol/l) | 3.63 (0.16)* | 4.35 (0.21)* | 2.90 (0.21) | 2.41 (0.21) |
| VLDL (mmol/l) | 0.62 (0.08) | 1.04 (0.31)* | 0.67 (0.08) | 0.49 (0.10) |
| HDL (mmol/l) | 1.27 (0.08) | 1.19 (0.13) | 1.30 (0.08) | 1.55 (0.08) |
| Triglyceride (mmol/l) | 1.85 (0.23) | 1.76 (0.44) | 1.13 (0.14) | 0.99 (0.12) |
| Fibrinogen (g/l) | 2.97 (0.17) | 2.90 (0.11) | 3.10 (0.23) | 2.58 (0.22) |
| Haemodynamics | ||||
| Heart rate (beats/min) | 60 (2) | 63 (2) | 63 (2) | 58 (4) |
| Blood pressure (mm Hg) | ||||
| Systolic | 116 (3) | 120 (5) | 152 (2)* | 126 (6) |
| Diastolic | 72 (3) | 72 (3) | 82 (2)* | 70 (3) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.8 (1.8) | 23.3 (1.7) | 24.8 (2.6) | 22.8 (1.0) |
| LVMI (g/m2) | 84 (9) | 85 (5) | 104 (4)* | 76 (6) |