Myocardial disease
|
Opportunistic infections |
| Bacterial |
| Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare |
| Fungal |
| Cryptococcus neoformans, Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, Histoplasma capsulatum, Coccidiodes immitus |
| Protozoan |
| Toxoplasma gondii, Pneumocystis carinii |
| Viral |
| Cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex, coxsackie B virus |
Direct HIV infection |
Lymphocytic myocarditis |
Non-inflammatory myocardial necrosis |
| Microvascular spasm |
| Cathecholamine excess |
Nutritional deficiency (selenium, thiamine) |
Hypoxic injury |
Drug toxicity |
| Anti-HIV drugs |
| Drugs used for opportunistic infections |
Arteriopathy |
Cardiomegaly and cardiomyopathy |
| Congestive cardiomyopathy |
| Right ventricular hypertrophy/dilatation with pulmonary hypertension: |
| pulmonary infection |
| pulmonary emboli |
| HIV plexogenic pulmonary arteriopathy |
Neoplasia |
| Kaposi’s sarcoma |
| Lymphoma |
|
Endocardial disease
|
Marantic endocarditis (non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis) |
Healed infective endocarditis |
Infective endocarditis |
| Bacterial |
| Fungal |
|
Pericardial disease
|
Infectious |
| Bacterial |
| Tuberculosis (M tuberculosis, M avium-intracellulare), Nocardia asteroides, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus |
| Viral |
| Herpes simplex, HIV, coxsackie, cytomegalovirus |
| Fungal |
| Histoplasma, cryptococcus |
Uraemia |
Neoplastic |
| Kaposi’s sarcoma |
| Lymphoma |
Fibrinous pericarditis |
Idiopathic |
|
Vascular lesions
|
Fibrocalcific degenerative arteriopathy |
Vasculitis, perivasculitis |
Aneurysms |
Atherosclerotic lesions |