Baseline characteristics stratified according to rhythm before device closure
| History of arrhythmias before closure | Rhythm at the time of closure Sinus rhythm | p Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No arrhythmia (n = 112) | Paroxysmal arrhythmias (n = 14) | Persistent atrial fibrillation (n = 6) | ||
| Values are mean (SD) or n (%). | ||||
| *Includes symptoms of palpitations, presyncope, syncope, shortness of breath, or neurological symptoms consistent with a cerebrovascular event. | ||||
| NYHA, New York Heart Association functional classification. | ||||
| Length of follow up (months) | 17 (12) | 15 (11) | 9 (2) | 0.16 |
| Age at closure (years) | 42 (15) | 54 (17) | 67 (10) | <0.001 |
| Symptoms* | 70 (63%) | 13 (93%) | 6 (100%) | 0.02 |
| NYHA class ⩾2 | 41(37%) | 9 (62%) | 5 (83%) | 0.02 |
| More that one defect | 11(10%) | 0 | 1/6 (2%) | 0.40 |
| Size of defect (mm) | 15 (5) | 16 (4) | 13 (4) | 0.36 |
| Right ventricular dilatation (n = 127) | 87 (81%) | 13 (93%) | 5 (100%) | 0.30 |
| Right ventricular dysfunction (n = 113) | 15 (15%) | 3 (27%) | 2 (40%) | 0.26 |