Walker et al49 | Rat | Fatty, Zucker rats | Controlled, parallel treatment | n = 16 | Rosiglitazone 50 μmol/kg | 9–12 weeks | Improved (fasting hyperinsulinaemia) | Improved (ex-vivo myography) | |
Verma et al41 | Rat | Fructose-induced hypertensive rats | Two parallel treatment groups (non-controlled) | n = 21 | Metformin 500 mg/kg/day | 8 weeks | Improved (fasting serum insulin/glucose) | Improved (reactivity of aorta ex vivo) | |
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Vehkavaara et al28 | Human | Type 2 diabetes on metformin | Controlled, parallel treatment | n = 24 | Insulin | 6 months | | Improved (venous occlusion plethysmography) | |
Mather et al39 | Human | Type 2 diabetes (diet controlled) | Placebo controlled | n = 44 | Metformin 500 mg twice daily | 12 weeks | Improved (HOMA-IR) | Improved (forearm plethysmography) | |
Sgambato et al53 | Human | Post-MI (mixed glucose tolerance) | Controlled (no placebo) and non-randomised | n = 310 | Metformin 1–2 g/day | 3 years | | | Reduced symptoms and fewer MI |
Jadhav et al40 | Human | Women with cardiac syndrome X | Double blind, randomised, placebo controlled | n = 46 | Metformin 500 mg twice daily | 8 weeks | Improved (fasting serum insulin) | Improved (laser Doppler imaging) | Improved treadmill Duke score |
Watanabe et al46 | Human | Non-diabetic hyperinsulinaemic males | Two parallel treatment groups | n = 15 | Troglitazone 400 mg/day | 4 weeks | Improved | Improved (brachial artery ultrasound) | |
Tack et al50 | Human | Obese | Randomised, double blind, crossover | n = 15 | Troglitazone 400 mg/day | 8 weeks | Improved | No change (venous occlusion plethysmography) | |
Pampaloni et al48 | Human | Insulin resistant, non-diabetic | Non-controlled | n = 9 | Troglitazone 600 mg/day | 3 months | Improved (glucose clamping) | Improved (cold pressor test using PET) | |
Murakami et al51 | Human | Diabetic with vasospastic angina | Non-controlled | n = 10 | Troglitazone 400 mg/day | 4 months | Improved (fasting hyperinsulinaemia) | Improved (brachial artery ultrasound) | Reduced anginal episodes and use of nitrates |
Murakami et al47 | Human | Type 2 diabetes with angina | Randomised, controlled parallel treatment | n = 22 | Troglitazone 400 mg/day | 4 months | Improved (HOMA index) | Improved (brachial artery ultrasound) | Improved treadmill effort tolerance |