Aetiology of tricuspid regurgitation
| 1. Primary tricuspid regurgitation | |
| (A) Congenital | Tricuspid valve prolapse |
| Ebstein’s anomaly | |
| Tricuspid valve dysplasia (grades I–III) | |
| Abnormal number of leaflets | |
| Atrioventricular channel | |
| Cleft of a tricuspid leaflet | |
| Left sided tricuspid valve in congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries | |
| Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum | |
| Short tendinous chords | |
| Aberrant tendinous chords with tethering of the tricuspid leaflets | |
| (B) Acquired | Endocarditis |
| Rheumatic valve disease | |
| Right ventricular infarction | |
| Heart transplantation | |
| Carcinoid (or other tumours) | |
| Trauma | |
| Rheumatic arthritis | |
| Radiation therapy | |
| Papillary muscle dysfunction | |
| Hypereosinophilic syndrome | |
| Thyrotoxicosis | |
| Anorectic drugs | |
| 2. Secondary tricuspid regurgitation | |
| 3. Physiological tricuspid regurgitation | |