Echocardiographic data on the left ventricle
| Ex-users (n = 15) | Users (n = 17) | Weightlifters (n = 15) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Values are mean (SD). | |||
| Users v ex-users: *p<0.05. | |||
| Ex-users v weightlifters: †p<0.05; ††p<0.01; †††p<0.001. | |||
| Users v weightlifters: ‡p<0.05; ‡‡‡p<0.001. | |||
| BSA, body surface area; EDD, end diastolic internal diameter; ESD, end systolic internal diameter; FFM, fat-free body mass; IVS, interventricular septum; LVMM, left ventricular muscle mass; LVPW, left ventricular posterior wall. | |||
| LVMM (g) | 232±42 | 281 (54)* | 204 (44)‡‡‡ |
| LVMM per unit BSA (g/m2) | 112 (17) | 132 (23)* | 93 (12)†‡‡‡ |
| LVMM per unit FFM (g/kg) | 3.16 (0.53) | 3.32 (0.48) | 2.43 (0.26)†††‡‡‡ |
| EDD (mm) | 54.0 (5.0) | 56.5 (3.5) | 54.0 (4.0) |
| EDD per unit BSA (mm/m2) | 26.0 (2.0) | 26.5 (2.0) | 25.0 (2.0)‡ |
| EDD per unit FFM (mm/kg) | 0.74 (0.08) | 0.67 (0.05)* | 0.66 (0.08)†† |
| ESD (mm) | 35.0 (4.5) | 38.5 (2.5)* | 36.0 (3.5) |
| IVS (mm) | 11.5 (1.2) | 12.3 (1.4) | 10.3 (1.0)†‡‡‡ |
| IVS per unit BSA (mm/m2) | 5.6 (0.6) | 5.8 (0.7) | 4.7 (0.5)††‡‡‡ |
| IVS per unit FFM (mm/kg) | 0.16 (0.02) | 0.15 (0.02) | 0.13 (0.02)†††‡ |
| LVPW (mm) | 10.2 (0.8) | 11.4 (1.3)* | 9.4 (1.5)‡‡‡ |
| LVPW per unit BSA (mm/m2) | 5.0 (0.5) | 5.4 (0.6) | 4.3 (0.5)††‡‡‡ |
| LVPW per unit FFM (mm/kg) | 0.14 (0.02) | 0.14 (0.01) | 0.11 (0.02)†††‡‡‡ |