Main characteristics of the study population with hazard ratio (HR) of death after index discharge by univariate analysis
| All patients (n = 1196) | Alive (n = 1152) | Dead (n = 44) | HR | 95% CI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Data are median (interquartile range) or number (%). | |||||
| AMI, acute myocardial infarction; CI, confidence interval; EuroSCORE, European system for cardiac operative risk evaluation; ICU, intensive care unit; LOS, length of stay; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; NA, not applicable. | |||||
| Age (years) | 67 (59–73) | 67 (59–73) | 72 (64–77) | 2.55 | 1.51 to 4.33 |
| EuroSCORE | 4 (2–6) | 4 (2–6) | 7 (3–9) | 2.37 | 1.80 to 3.12 |
| LVEF (%) | 56 (50–62) | 56 (50–63) | 53 (40–55) | 0.58 | 0.42 to 0.79 |
| Women | 379 (32%) | 364 (32%) | 15 (34%) | 1.10 | 0.89 to 2.06 |
| Married | 862 (72%) | 837 (73%) | 25 (57%) | 0.51 | 0.28 to 0.93 |
| Currently working | 245 (20%) | 240 (21%) | 5 (11%) | 0.49 | 0.19 to 1.25 |
| Number of co-morbidities | |||||
| 0 | 373 (31%) | 369 (32%) | 4 (9%) | 0.34 | 0.11 to 1.04 |
| 1 | 436 (37%) | 422 (32%) | 14 (32%) | 1 | NA |
| ⩾2 | 387 (32%) | 361 (31%) | 26 (59%) | 2.13 | 1.11 to 4.08 |
| Primary cardiac diagnosis | |||||
| Coronary artery disease | 807 (67%) | 780 (68%) | 27 (61%) | 1 | NA |
| Valvar | 352 (30%) | 336 (29%) | 17 (39%) | 1.49 | 0.81 to 2.73 |
| Other | 15 (1%) | 15 (1%) | 0 | ||
| Aortic aneurysm | 21 (2%) | 21 (2%) | 0 | ||
| Hypertension | 611 (51%) | 584 (51%) | 27 (61%) | 1.51 | 0.82 to 2.77 |
| Diabetes | 231 (19%) | 218 (19%) | 13 (29%) | 1.71 | 0.89 to 3.26 |
| Peripheral arteriopathy | 140 (12%) | 128 (11%) | 12 (27%) | 2.71 | 1.40 to 5.26 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 123 (10%) | 117 (10%) | 6 (14%) | 1.61 | 0.68 to 3.81 |
| Chronic kidney dysfunction | 72 (6%) | 67 (6%) | 5 (11%) | 2.27 | 0.89 to 5.76 |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 166 (14%) | 160 (14%) | 6 (14%) | 0.91 | 0.38 to 2.15 |
| Previous AMI | 409 (34%) | 391 (34%) | 18 (41%) | 1.30 | 0.71 to 2.37 |
| Thyroid disease | 37 (3%) | 35 (3%) | 2 (4%) | 1.65 | 0.40 to 6.78 |
| Gastroenteric disorders | 149 (12%) | 141 (12%) | 8 (18%) | 1.58 | 0.73 to 3.39 |
| Pulmonary hypertension | 52 (4%) | 47 (4%) | 5 (11%) | 2.67 | 1.05 to 6.68 |
| Neoplasms | 15 (1%) | 11 (1%) | 4 (9%) | 8.50 | 3.04 to 24 |
| AMI in preceding three months | 133 (11%) | 127 (11%) | 6 (14%) | 1.30 | 0.55 to 3.08 |
| Previous cardiac surgery | 54 (5%) | 53 (5%) | 1 (2%) | 0.47 | 0.07 to 3.33 |
| Status at surgery | |||||
| Not urgent | 1131 (95%) | 1092 (95%) | 39 (89%) | 1 | NA |
| Urgent | 52 (4%) | 48 (4%) | 4 (9%) | 2.40 | 0.86 to 6.73 |
| Critical | 13 (1%) | 12 (1%) | 1 (2%) | 2.00 | 0.27 to 14.58 |
| Type of surgical procedure | |||||
| Coronary bypass grafting | 747 (62%) | 724 (63%) | 23 (52%) | 1 | NA |
| Valve repair or replacement | 270 (23%) | 258 (22%) | 12 (27%) | 1.48 | 0.74 to 2.98 |
| Combined or other procedure | 138 (12%) | 129 (11%) | 9 (21%) | 2.17 | 1.00 to 4.69 |
| Surgery on thoracic aorta | 41 (3%) | 41 (4%) | 0 | ||
| ICU stay >96 hours | 87 (7%) | 76 (11%) | 11 (25%) | 4.60 | 2.33 to 9.11 |
| Postsurgical LOS ⩾9 days | 413 (34%) | 391 (34%) | 22 (50%) | 1.89 | 1.05 to 3.45 |
| Postoperative rehabilitation | 897 (75%) | 866 (75%) | 31 (70%) | 0.85 | 0.44 to 1.62 |