Characteristics of 326 episodes of infective endocarditis analysed together and separately in five-year periods
| 1980–2004 | 1980–4 | 1985–9 | 1990–4 | 1995–9 | 2000–4 | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| *p value for overall group differences. | |||||||
| No of episodes | 326 | 61 | 45 | 65 | 60 | 95 | <0.001 |
| Sex | 0.336* | ||||||
| Male | 234 (71.8%) | 48 (78.7%) | 30 (66.7%) | 43 (66.2%) | 47 (78.3%) | 66 (69.5%) | |
| Female | 92 (28.2%) | 13 (21.3%) | 15 (33.3%) | 22 (33.9%) | 13 (21.7%) | 29 (30.5%) | |
| Mean (SD) age (years) | 54.4 (17.3) | 47.2 (17.6) | 54.0 (16.4) | 59.4 (11.7) | 56.3 (17.3) | 54.5 (19.5) | 0.003 |
| Affected valves | 0.001* | ||||||
| Aortic | 113 (34.7%) | 30 (49.2%) | 15 (33.3%) | 26 (40.0%) | 16 (26.7%) | 26 (27.4%) | |
| Mitral | 96 (29.5%) | 11 (18.0%) | 10 (22.2%) | 22 (33.9%) | 20 (33.3%) | 33 (34.7%) | |
| Tricuspid | 18 (5.5%) | 0% | 1 (2.2%) | 0% | 4 (6.7%) | 13 (13.7%) | |
| Two native valves | 32 (9.8%) | 6 (9.8%) | 6 (13.3%) | 3 (4.6%) | 9 (15.0%) | 8 (8.4%) | |
| Prosthetic valve(s) | 67 (20.6%) | 14 (23.0%) | 13 (28.9%) | 14 (21.5%) | 11 (18.3%) | 15 (15.8%) | |
| Blood cultures | 0.163* | ||||||
| Staphylococcus aureus | 75 (23.0%) | 7 (11.5%) | 7 (15.6%) | 12 (18.5%) | 18 (30.0%) | 31 (32.6%) | |
| Coagulase-negative staphylococci | 31 (9.5%) | 7 (11.5%) | 3 (6.7%) | 9 (13.9%) | 4 (6.7%) | 8 (8.4%) | |
| Viridans streptococci | 67 (20.6%) | 11 (18.0%) | 9 (20.0%) | 14 (21.5%) | 14 (23.3%) | 19 (20.0%) | |
| Enterococcus faecalis | 28 (8.6%) | 10 (16.4%) | 5 (11.1%) | 3 (4.6%) | 4 (6.7%) | 6 (6.3%) | |
| Streptococcus pneumoniae | 11 (3.4%) | 2 (3.3%) | 1 (2.2%) | 2 (3.1%) | 2 (3.3%) | 4 (4.2%) | |
| Other | 25 (7.7%) | 6 (9.8%) | 2 (4.4%) | 3 (4.6%) | 4 (6.7%) | 10 (10.5%) | |
| Negative | 89 (27.3%) | 18 (29.5%) | 18 (40.0%) | 22 (33.9%) | 14 (23.3%) | 17 (17.9%) | |
| Echocardiographic findings | <0.001* | ||||||
| Major | 221 (67.8%) | 35 (57.4%) | 22 (48.9%) | 44 (67.7%) | 46 (76.7%) | 74 (77.9%) | |
| Minor | 60 (18.4%) | 8 (13.1%) | 13 (28.9%) | 17 (26.2%) | 7 (11.7%) | 15 (15.8%) | |
| No findings | 45 (13.8%) | 18 (29.5%) | 10 (22.2%) | 4 (6.2%) | 7 (11.7%) | 6 (6.3%) | |