American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association stages of heart failurew15
| Stage | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| A | High risk, no symptoms | Hypertension, coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus |
| B | Structural heart disease, no symptoms | Left ventricular hypertrophy, asymptomatic left ventricular systolic dysfunction |
| C | Structural heart disease, previous or current symptoms | Dyspnoea or fatigue due to heart failure |
| D | Structural heart disease, refractory symptoms | Patients with end stage heart failure |