| Variable | Diabetes | RR (95% CI) | No diabetes | RR (95% CI) | ||
| Women (n = 1225) | Men (n = 3248) | Women (n = 4561) | Men (n = 16 521) | |||
| Age (years, mean) | 56.5 | 56.4 | 0.08 (−0.36 to 0.51)¶ | 55.8 | 55.0 | 0.87 (0.64 to 1.10)¶ |
| Previous disease (%) | ||||||
| Myocardial infarction | 20 | 24 | 0.64 (0.58 to 0.71) | 8 | 13 | 0.83 (0.73 to 0.95) |
| Hypertension | 49 | 43 | 1.25 (1.19 to 1.32) | 29 | 23 | 1.12 (1.05 to 1.20) |
| Heart failure | 10 | 8 | 0.83 (0.66 to 1.04) | 2 | 2 | 1.25 (1.03 to 1.53) |
| Smoker | 36 | 32 | 1.15 (1.11 to 1.19) | 50 | 44 | 1.13 (1.03 to 1.24) |
| Renal insufficiency | 3 | 3 | 1.21 (0.82 to 1.78) | 1 | 1 | 0.87 (0.58 to 1.28) |
| CABG/PCI | 11 | 13 | 0.53 (0.46 to 0.62) | 4 | 8 | 0.82 (0.68 to 0.98) |
| Treatment before admission (%) | ||||||
| Aspirin | 37 | 36 | 0.84 (0.79 to 0.91) | 17 | 20 | 1.01 (0.92 to 1.10) |
| β-blockers | 37 | 37 | 1.08 (1.02 to 1.15) | 24 | 22 | 1.01 (0.93 to 1.10) |
| ACE inhibitors | 30 | 28 | 0.95 (0.86 to 1.06) | 9 | 9 | 1.08 (0.97 to 1.19) |
| Lipid lowering | 26 | 24 | 0.80 (0.72 to 0.89) | 9 | 11 | 1.07 (0.95 to 1.20) |
| Calcium antagonists | 21 | 19 | 1.16 (1.05 to 1.27) | 11 | 10 | 1.11 (0.97 to 1.27) |
| Diuretics | 34 | 21 | 1.85 (1.68 to 2.03) | 12 | 7 | 1.59 (1.44 to 1.77) |
| Nitroglycerine | 18 | 15 | 1.05 (0.93 to 1.18) | 7 | 7 | 1.27 (1.10 to 1.47) |
| Digitalis | 5 | 4 | 0.97 (0.72 to 1.30) | 2 | 2 | 1.20 (0.89 to 1.62) |
| Anticoagulants | 6 | 6 | 1.02 (0.86 to 1.20) | 4 | 4 | 1.08 (0.84 to 1.41) |
| Treatment in hospital (%) | ||||||
| Anticoagulants SC/IV | 44 | 43 | 1.03 (0.99 to 1.07) | 40 | 39 | 1.01 (0.94 to 1.09) |
| β-blockers IV | 34 | 40 | 0.87 (0.84 to 0.91) | 38 | 44 | 0.85 (0.78 to 0.93) |
| Reperfusion* | 33 | 37 | 0.92 (0.89 to 0.95) | 43 | 47 | 0.91 (0.83 to 1.00) |
| Revascularisation† | 7 | 8 | 0.82 (0.74 to 0.91) | 9 | 11 | 0.86 (0.68 to 1.09) |
| Complications in hospital (%) | ||||||
| Atrial fibrillation | 7 | 9 | 0.83 (0.72 to 0.96) | 5 | 6 | 0.80 (0.64 to 1.00) |
| Heart failure | 38 | 31 | 1.03 (0.99 to 1.01) | 20 | 20 | 1.24 (1.14 to 1.36) |
| Treatment at discharge (%) | ||||||
| Aspirin | 88 | 88 | 1.00 (0.99 to 1.01) | 91 | 91 | 1.00 (0.98 to 1.03) |
| β-blockers | 83 | 86 | 0.97 (0.96 to 0.99) | 86 | 89 | 0.97 (0.94 to 1.00) |
| ACE inhibitors | 52 | 54 | 0.89 (0.85 to 0.94) | 30 | 34 | 0.98 (0.91 to 1.04) |
| Lipid lowering | 59 | 57 | 0.96 (0.93 to 0.99) | 56 | 59 | 1.03 (0.98 to 1.09) |
| Calcium antagonists | 18 | 17 | 1.25 (1.13 to 1.37) | 12 | 9 | 1.07 (0.92 to 1.24) |
| Diuretics | 45 | 34 | 1.35 (1.25 to 1.37) | 19 | 14 | 1.32 (1.22 to 1.43) |
| Nitroglycerin | 35 | 31 | 1.09 (1.03 to 1.16) | 26 | 23 | 1.14 (1.03 to 1.25) |
| Digitalis | 6 | 6 | 1.03 (0.82 to 1.28) | 2 | 2 | 1.06 (0.81 to 1.39) |
| Anticoagulants | 23 | 24 | 0.99 (0.93 to 1.05) | 22 | 22 | 0.94 (0.83 to 1.20) |
| Heparin | 13 | 13 | 1.06 (0.97 to 1.15) | 14 | 13 | 1.01 (0.85 to 1.20) |
| Revascularisation within 14 days (%)‡ | 23 | 25 | 0.88 (0.83 to 0.92) | 28 | 31 | 0.91 (0.81 to 1.02) |
RR are the relative risks for women compared with men with and without diabetes.
*Reperfusion: acute thrombolysis or acute PCI, †Revascularisation: acute PCI or CABG or both, ‡PCI or CABG, ¶Difference in means instead of RR.
CABG/PCI, coronary artery bypass grafting/ percutaneous coronary interventions; ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; SC, subcutaneous; IV, intravenous.