Table 1 Patient characteristics, cardiac MR and ECG data
CharacteristicsAll patients(n = 88)Major adverse outcomes(n = 18)No major adverse outcomes(n = 70)p Value
Gender (M/F)1.20.81.3NS
Diagnosis (%)NS
    TOF with pulmonary stenosis716771
    TOF with pulmonary atresia293329
Type of TOF repair (%)NS
    RVOT patch747274
    RV-pulmonary artery conduit262826
Median age at TOF repair (years) (range)3.0 (0–29.8)11.8 (0.53–21.7)2.1 (0.01–29.8)<0.001
Era of TOF repair (%)0.034
    Before 1970153310
    1970–9393939
    1980 or later462851
Median age at baseline evaluation (years) (range)24.0 (10.0–57.6)36.9 (13.5–55.3)20.9 (10.0–57.6)0.002
Median time from TOF repair to baseline evaluation (years) (range)20.7 (10–42.6)25.3 (12.9–36.4)19.2 (10.0–42.6)0.028
Median age at most recent follow-up (years) (range)28.1 (14.1–61.7)39.4 (16.7–57.6)24.9 (14.1–61.7)0.002
Median follow-up from baseline evaluation (years) (range)4.2 (0.17–7.3)4.2 (0.2–5.5)4.3 (0.5–7.3)NS
Cardiac MR variables at baseline evaluation, mean (SD)
    Pulmonary regurgitation fraction (%)31 (19)31 (21)31 (18)NS
    Pulmonary regurgitation volume (ml/m2)16 (15)16 (16)16 (14)NS
    RV end-diastolic volume (Z)3.91 (3.27)5.34 (3.36)3.55 (3.17)0.06
    RV end-systolic volume index (ml/m2)66 (33)85 (36)61 (30)0.017
    RV ejection fraction (%)48 (12)38 (12)50 (11)0.001
    RV mass index (g/m2)61 (25)66 (27)60 (24)NS
    RV mass/volume0.54 (0.18)0.53 (0.18)0.55 (0.18)NS
    LV end-diastolic volume (Z)–0.04 (2.3)–0.14 (3.27)–0.02 (2.03)NS
    LV end-systolic volume index (ml/m2)29 (13)36 (22)27 (9)NS
    LV ejection fraction (%)60 (9)54 (10)61 (8)0.015
    LV mass index (g/m2)90 (27)106 (39)86 (22)0.07
    LV mass/volume1.33 (0.32)1.54 (0.42)1.28 (0.27)0.033
    QRS duration (ms)158 (27)179 (23)153 (26)<0.001
  • LV, left ventricle; MR, magnetic resonance; RV, right ventricle; RVOT, right ventricular outflow tract; TOF, tetralogy of Fallot.