| Modifiable risk factors | RR (95% CI)* | Urban | Rural | ||
| Prevalence (%)† | PAR (%) | Prevalence (%)† | PAR (%) | ||
| Hypertension (SBP/DBP ⩾140/90 mm Hg) | 2.08 (1.75 to 2.47) | 19.3 | 28.6 | 18.6 | 27.9 |
| Smoking ⩾1 cigarette/day | 1.55 (1.22 to 1.96) | 63 (men) | 49.4 | 69 (men) | 51.7 |
| 4.5 (women) | 6.5 | 6.3 (women) | 8.9 | ||
| Overweight/obesity (BMI ⩾25 kg/m2) | 1.34 (1.03 to 1.74) | 25.8 | 25.7 | 19.3 | 20.5 |
| High total cholesterol (⩾5.20 mmol/l) | 1.57 (1.20 to 2.04) | 9.2 | 12.6 | 5.7 | 8.2 |
| Diabetes | 1.95 (1.04 to 3.66) | 3.2 | 5.9 | 2.4 | 4.5 |
PAR = ((P×RR)/(1+P×RR))×100, where P denotes the prevalence of the risk factor and RR denotes the relative risk for the given risk factor.
*RR and 95% CI were estimated with a Cox regression model, controlled for age and sex, and stratified by study centres, using individual data from 16 prospective cohort studies conducted in the Chinese population. The dataset includes 264 881 subjects aged ⩾20 years at baseline and followed up for an average of 8 years (Zhang XH, unpublished data); †The prevalence of the risk factors (except smoking) was the average for men and women from the survey conducted in the Chinese population aged ⩾18 years in 2002.1
BMI, body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; SBP, systolic blood pressure.