Year of aortic valve replacement (%, n) | | | | | | |
1991–3 | | 20% | 11 868 | 80% | 48 489 | <0.001 |
1994–6 | | 25% | 17 417 | 75% | 52 996 | (for trend) |
1997–9 | | 39% | 30 706 | 61% | 48 852 | |
2000–3 | | 53% | 51 160 | 47% | 45 566 | |
Sociodemographics | | | | | | |
Mean age (SD) | | 76.7 | 5.9 | 74.7 | 6.0 | <0.001 |
Women (%, n) | | 41.8 | 46 439 | 42.4 | 83 087 | 0.001 |
White race (%, n) | | 94.4 | 104 964 | 93.0 | 182 149 | <0.001 |
Black race (%, n) | | 2.9 | 3229 | 3.6 | 6947 | <0.001 |
Neither black or white race (%, n) | | 2.7 | 2958 | 3.5 | 6807 | <0.001 |
Mean zip-code median household income (SD) | | $44 037 | $17 675 | $40 655 | $16 675 | <0.001 |
Concurrent coronary bypass surgery (%, n) | | 55.5 | 61 657 | 52.1 | 101 960 | <0.001 |
Comorbid conditions (%, n) | | | | | | |
Previous myocardial infarction | | 4.0 | 4409 | 3.3 | 6399 | <0.001 |
Concurrent myocardial infarction | | 3.8 | 4420 | 3.0 | 5830 | <0.001 |
Chronic heart failure | | 40.2 | 44 630 | 38.4 | 75 165 | <0.001 |
Chronic renal failure | | 2.9 | 3238 | 2.7 | 5367 | 0.005 |
Cerebrovascular disease | | 9.5 | 10 536 | 8.9 | 17 425 | <0.001 |
Peripheral vascular disease | | 8.7 | 9639 | 8.1 | 15 883 | <0.001 |
Previous coronary bypass surgery | | 3.6 | 3987 | 3.3 | 6534 | <0.001 |
Diabetes | | 15.7 | 17 444 | 15.3 | 30 015 | 0.006 |
Chronic obstructive lung disease | | 17.2 | 19 155 | 16.3 | 31 854 | <0.001 |
Chronic liver disease | | 0.50 | 560 | 0.39 | 759 | <0.001 |
History of metastatic cancer | | 0.21 | 236 | 0.15 | 290 | <0.001 |
History of non-metastatic cancer | | 7.2 | 7946 | 5.5 | 10 741 | <0.001 |
Peptic ulcer disease | | 1.3 | 1492 | 1.1 | 2090 | <0.001 |
Coagulopathy | | 9.7 | 10 753 | 7.3 | 14 371 | <0.001 |
Depression | | 1.0 | 1155 | 0.8 | 1650 | <0.001 |
Iron deficiency anaemia | | 6.6 | 7271 | 5.7 | 11 085 | <0.001 |