| Baseline | Follow-up | Change | Training effect | p Value | ||||||
| Non-training | Training | Non-training | Training | Non-training | Training | |||||
| Peak oxygen uptake (ml/kg/min) | 22.7 (3.1) | 22.2 (3.9) | 22.4 (3.0) | 25.0 (5.0) | −0.3 (3.0) | 3.0 (4.4) | 3.0 (0.8 to 5.3) | 0.01 | ||
| LV ejection fraction, % | 62 (13) | 58 (12) | 62 (12) | 60 (12) | 0 (4) | 1 (6) | 0.7 (−2.7 to 4.1) | 0.69 | ||
| Cardiac index, l/min/m2 | 3.0 (0.6) | 3.1 (0.5) | 3.0 (0.6) | 3.1 (0.5) | 0 (0.3) | 0 (0.5) | 0 (−0.3 to 0.3) | 0.97 | ||
| LV mass index, g/m2 | 75 (14) | 79 (16) | 77 (15) | 77 (15) | 1 (11) | −3 (15) | −3 (−11 to 6) | 0.53 | ||
| Infarct size, g | 22 (11) | 29 (15) | 22 (11) | 27 (13) | 0 (4) | −2 (5) | −2 (−5 to 1) | 0.19 | ||
| Perfusion in remote myocardium | ||||||||||
| Rest (ml/min/g) | 1.07 (0.18) | 1.03 (0.19) | 1.07 (0.14) | 1.21 (0.26) | 0.00 (0.22) | 0.18 (0.31) | 0.05 (−0.10 to 0.20) | 0.49 | ||
| Stress (ml/min/g) | 2.59 (0.64) | 2.36 (0.87) | 2.32 (0.48) | 2.98 (0.90) | −0.27 (0.56) | 0.62 (0.83) | 0.79 (0.38 to 1.20) | <0.001 | ||
| Perfusion in infarcted myocardium | ||||||||||
| Rest (ml/min/g) | 1.07 (0.37) | 0.92 (0.34) | 0.89 (0.22) | 0.94 (0.27) | −0.18 (0.46) | 0.02 (0.41) | 0.05 (−0.12 to 0.21) | 0.58 | ||
| Stress (ml/min/g) | 1.70 (0.52) | 1.61 (0.65) | 1.70 (0.52) | 2.05 (0.83) | 0.00 (0.46) | 0.44 (0.71) | 0.45 (0.07 to 0.83) | 0.02 | ||
| Stromal-derived factor-1 (pg/ml) | 2104 (309) | 2118 (344) | 2070 (311) | 1876 (343) | −68 (175) | −196 (209) | −131 (−246 to −16) | 0.02 | ||
| Vascular endothelial growth factor (pg/ml) | 3.46 (0.61) | 3.54 (0.62) | 3.51 (0.59) | 3.22 (0.63) | −0.05 (0.38) | −0.35 (0.35) | −0.31 (−0.52 to −0.09) | 0.01 | ||
| Stem cell factor (pg/ml) | 568 (85) | 625 (163) | 585 (60) | 645 (164) | 17 (47) | 20 (120) | 20 (−37 to 76) | 0.49 | ||
Training effects expressed as differences in least-squares means (model of analyses of covariance) with 95% CI. The value of vascular endothelial growth factor has been logarithmically transformed.
LV, left ventricular.