Table 4 Hazard ratios (HR) for mortality associated with categories of body mass index (BMI)

	BMI categories (kg/m²)	HR (95% CI), p value Women	HR* (95% CI), p value Men	p Value for sex interaction*
All-cause mortality	<18.5	1.78 (0.91 to 3.49), 0.09	1.72 (0.99 to 2.99), 0.06	0.83
	18.5–24.9	1.0	1.0
	25.0–29.9	0.84 (0.66 to 1.06), 0.14	0.97 (0.84 to 1.11), 0.65	0.20
	⩾30.0	1.53 (1.11 to 2.12), 0.01	1.22 (0.92 to 1.61), 0.17	0.41
CVD mortality	<18.5	0.97 (0.24 to 3.95), 0.09	0.26 (0.04 to 1.86), 0.18	0.34
	18.5–24.9	1.0	1.0
	25.0–29.9	0.91 (0.64 to 1.31), 0.63	1.02 (0.84 to 1.25), 0.82	0.58
	⩾30.0	2.23 (1.42 to 3.49), <0.001	1.32 (0.90 to 1.94), 0.16	0.15
CHD mortality	<18.5	0.0	0.40 (0.06 to 2.86), 0.36	0.97
	18.5–24.9	1.0	1.0
	25.0–29.9	1.13 (0.69 to 1.86), 0.63	1.07 (0.83 to 1.37), 0.61	0.94
	⩾30.0	1.90 (0.97 to 3.74), 0.06	1.59 (1.02 to 2.49), 0.04	0.85
Stroke mortality	<18.5	0.0	0.0	–
	18.5–24.9	1.0	1.0
	25.0–29.9	0.72 (0.36 to 1.42), 0.34	0.97 (0.60 to 1.55), 0.90	0.53
	⩾30.0	2.42 (1.12 to 5.24), 0.02	1.02 (0.36 to 2.88), 0.97	0.21
Cancer mortality	<18.5	2.60 (0.94 to 7.19), 0.07	3.05 (1.33 to 6.96), 0.008	0.72
	18.5–24.9	1.0	1.0
	25.0–29.9	0.72 (0.45 to 1.14), 0.15	0.93 (0.71 to 1.23), 0.62	0.24
	⩾30.0	1.19 (0.64 to 2.22), 0.58	1.18 (0.67 to 2.06), 0.57	0.99
Respiratory mortality	<18.5	7.14 (0.86 to 58.9), 0.07	5.16 (1.84 to 14.5), 0.002	0.40
	18.5–24.9	1.0	1.0
	25.0–29.9	0.67 (0.17 to 2.60), 0.56	1.12 (0.76 to 1.64), 0.57	0.32
	⩾30.0	1.74 (0.36 to 8.38), 0.49	0.71 (0.25 to 1.97), 0.51	0.59

*p Values are for separate BMI categories in order to assess sex interactions in underweight, overweight and obese participants separately.
CHD, coronary heart disease; CVD, cardiovascular disease.