Table 3 Bivariate and multivariate associations with change in myocardial function

	Change in S′				Change in E′				Change in strain				Change in strain rate
	Bivariate		Multivariate		Bivariate		Multivariate		Bivariate		Multivariate		Bivariate		Multivariate
	r	p Value	β	p Value	r	p Value	β	p Value	r	P Value	β	p Value	r	p Value	β	p Value
Age (years)	−0.08	0.32			−0.07	0.39			0.11	0.17			0.12	0.14
Duration of diabetes (years)	0.12	0.16			0.14*	0.09			0.07	0.38			0.14*	0.08
Baseline body mass (kg)	0.20*	0.01			0.24*	<0.01			0.07	0.39			0.18*	0.03
Baseline BMI (kg/m²)	0.22*	0.01			0.27*	<0.01			0.05	0.55			0.18*	0.02
Baseline waist circumference (cm)	0.24*	<0.01			0.30*	<0.01			0.06	0.44			0.15*	0.06
Baseline fat mass (%)	0.16*	<0.05			0.16*	0.05			0.03	0.74			0.07	0.41
Baseline glucose (mmol/l)	−0.03	0.75			0.02	0.77			−0.01	0.89			0.03	0.69
Baseline insulin (μmol/ml)	0.27*	<0.01			0.09	0.35			0.27*	<0.01			0.32*	<0.01	0.21	<0.01
Baseline HbA_1c (%)	0.12	0.13			0.08	0.29			0.09	0.26			0.19*	0.02	0.15	0.02
Baseline HOMA	0.27*	<0.01			0.14	0.13			0.29*	<0.01	0.23	<0.01	0.32*	<0.01
Baseline QUICKI	−0.24*	0.01			−0.14	0.12			−0.16*	0.08			−0.33*	<0.01
Baseline triglycerides (μmol/ml)	0.17*	0.03			0.14*	0.08			0.08	0.34			0.08	0.34
Baseline VO_2max (ml/kg/min)	−0.12	0.17			−0.21*	0.01			−0.01	0.88			−0.11	0.18
% of normal VO_2max	−0.18*	0.03	0.22	<0.01	−0.29*	<0.01			−0.01	0.97			−0.11	0.18
Baseline S′	−0.71*	<0.01	−0.82	<0.01
Baseline E′ (cm/s)					−0.56*	<0.01	−0.73	<0.01
Baseline strain (%)									−0.50*	<0.01	−0.49	<0.01
Baseline strain rate (/s)													−0.67*	<0.01	−0.66	<0.01
Change in waist circumference (cm)	0.08	0.35			−0.21*	0.01	−0.18	0.01	0.09	0.26			0.12	0.15
Change in fat mass (%)	−0.03	0.71			−0.18*	0.02			−0.17*	0.04			−0.01	0.24
Change in HbA_1c (%)	−0.05	0.58			−0.26*	<0.01	−0.16	0.02	0.08	0.35			0.04	0.60
Change in QUICKI	0.08	0.38			0.25*	0.01			0.07	0.46			0.23*	0.01
Change in triglycerides (mmol/l)	−0.20*	0.01			−0.17*	0.03			−0.23*	<0.01			−0.19*	0.02

*Variables entered into the backward multiple regression models.
BMI, body mass index; HbA_1c, glycated haemoglobin; HOMA, homeostasis model assessment; QUICKI, quantitative insulin check index; VO_2max, maximal cardiorespiratory fitness.