| Body mass index (kg/m2) | p Value for interaction | |||||
| <23.0 | 23.0–24.9 | 25.0–29.9 | 30.0–34.9 | ⩾35.0 | ||
| Men | ||||||
| Total mortality | ||||||
| Smoking | <0.05 | |||||
| Never or ever | 1.44 (1.28 to 1.62)† | 1.11 (1.00 to 1.24)¶ | 1.00 | 0.97 (0.86 to 1.09) | 1.23 (1.00 to 1.52)¶ | |
| Current | 1.98 (1.62 to 2.42)† | 1.33 (1.07 to 1.64)‡ | 1.00 | 1.20 (0.94 to 1.54) | 1.30 (0.82 to 2.04) | |
| Diabetes treatments | >0.25 | |||||
| Oral glucose-lowering drug | 1.28 (1.01 to 1.61)¶ | 1.03 (0.84 to 1.26) | 1.00 | 1.07 (0.88 to 1.31) | 1.63 (1.18 to 2.26)‡ | |
| Insulin only | 1.42 (1.27 to 1.59)† | 1.09 (0.98 to 1.22) | 1.00 | 0.99 (0.87 to 1.13) | 1.15 (0.91 to 1.46) | |
| Duration of diabetes | <0.05 | |||||
| <10 years | 1.74 (1.49 to 2.03)† | 1.26 (1.08 to 1.46)‡ | 1.00 | 0.91 (0.76 to 1.08) | 1.24 (0.93 to 1.65) | |
| ⩾10 years | 1.46 (1.28 to 1.67)† | 1.09 (0.96 to 1.24) | 1.00 | 1.09 (0.95 to 1.24) | 1.30 (1.00 to 1.68)¶ | |
| Cardiovascular mortality | ||||||
| Smoking | >0.05 | |||||
| Never or ever | 1.47 (1.22 to 1.77)† | 1.25 (1.06 to 1.48)‡ | 1.00 | 1.07 (0.89 to 1.28) | 1.54 (1.14 to 2.10)‡ | |
| Current | 2.49 (1.81 to 3.42)† | 1.52 (1.08 to 2.14)¶ | 1.00 | 1.51 (1.03 to 2.22)¶ | 1.52 (0.74 to 3.14) | |
| Diabetes treatments | <0.01 | |||||
| Oral glucose-lowering drug | 1.19 (0.80 to 1.77) | 0.80 (0.55 to 1.16) | 1.00 | 1.34 (0.99 to 1.82) | 2.26 (1.41 to 3.62)‡ | |
| Insulin only | 1.54 (1.29 to 1.84)† | 1.30 (1.11 to 1.54)‡ | 1.00 | 1.07 (0.88 to 1.30) | 1.37 (0.96 to 1.96) | |
| Duration of diabetes | >0.25 | |||||
| <10 years | 1.58 (1.21 to 2.06)‡ | 1.37 (1.07 to 1.75)¶ | 1.00 | 1.02 (0.77 to 1.35) | 1.14 (0.69 to 1.87) | |
| ⩾10 years | 1.72 (1.41 to 2.09)† | 1.25 (1.03 to 1.50)¶ | 1.00 | 1.22 (1.00 to 1.50)¶ | 1.95 (1.38 to 2.75)† | |
| Women | ||||||
| Total mortality | ||||||
| Smoking | >0.1 | |||||
| Never or ever | 1.33 (1.21 to 1.46)† | 1.01 (0.92 to 1.11) | 1.00 | 1.04 (0.97 to 1.12) | 1.27 (1.14 to 1.41)† | |
| Current | 1.65 (0.82 to 3.33) | 0.22 (0.05 to 0.94)¶ | 1.00 | 1.28 (0.61 to 2.68) | 1.22 (0.36 to 4.11) | |
| Diabetes treatments | >0.25 | |||||
| Oral glucose-lowering drug | 1.13 (0.93 to 1.37) | 0.91 (0.76 to 1.08) | 1.00 | 1.05 (0.92 to 1.21) | 1.10 (0.88 to 1.36) | |
| Insulin only | 1.26 (1.13 to 1.40)† | 0.97 (0.87 to 1.08) | 1.00 | 0.99 (0.91 to 1.08) | 1.31 (1.16 to 1.48)† | |
| Duration of diabetes | <0.005 | |||||
| <10 years | 1.67 (1.43 to 1.96)† | 1.15 (0.98 to 1.35) | 1.00 | 1.09 (0.96 to 1.25) | 1.20 (0.98 to 1.46) | |
| ⩾10 years | 1.20 (1.07 to 1.34)‡ | 0.94 (0.84 to 1.05) | 1.00 | 1.01 (0.92 to 1.10) | 1.30 (1.15 to 1.48)† | |
| Cardiovascular mortality | ||||||
| Smoking | >0.25 | |||||
| Never or ever | 1.36 (1.18 to 1.57)† | 1.07 (0.93 to 1.23) | 1.00 | 1.12 (1.00 to 1.25)¶ | 1.35 (1.15 to 1.59)† | |
| Current | 1.04 (0.33 to 3.32) | 0.21 (0.03 to 1.62) | 1.00 | 1.64 (0.62 to 4.31) | 1.71 (0.37 to 7.88) | |
| Diabetes treatments | <0.05 | |||||
| Oral glucose-lowering drug | 1.05 (0.75 to 1.47) | 0.90 (0.67 to 1.21) | 1.00 | 1.39 (1.13 to 1.72)‡ | 1.53 (1.12 to 2.10)‡ | |
| Insulin only | 1.25 (1.07 to 1.47)‡ | 1.02 (0.87 to 1.19) | 1.00 | 0.98 (0.86 to 1.12) | 1.26 (1.05 to 1.51)¶ | |
| Duration of diabetes | >0.25 | |||||
| <10 years | 1.64 (1.28 to 2.10)† | 1.20 (0.94 to 1.53) | 1.00 | 1.20 (0.98 to 1.47) | 1.35 (1.01 to 1.81)¶ | |
| ⩾10 years | 1.24 (1.04 to 1.48)¶ | 0.99 (0.84 to 1.17) | 1.00 | 1.07 (0.94 to 1.22) | 1.35 (1.12 to 1.64)‡ | |
*Data are given as hazard ratios (95% confidence interval), and are adjusted for age, smoking and alcohol consumption; †p<0.001 compared with the reference group; ‡p<0.01 compared with the reference group; ¶p<0.05 compared with the reference group.