Baseline characteristics and relationship between quartiles of NAG
| Variable | Total population (n=90) | Controls (n=20) | p-Value |
| Age (years) | 59±11 | 58±4 | 0.91 |
| Gender, n (% male) | 71 (79) | 16 (80) | 0.91 |
| NYHA (I/II/III or IV (%)) | 16/47/37 | NA | NA |
| Ischaemic aetiology, n (%) | 43 (48) | NA | NA |
| LVEF (%) | 28±9 | NA | NA |
| Systolic BP (mm Hg) | 121±20 | 120±11 | 0.67 |
| Diastolic BP (mm Hg) | 69±11 | 71±8 | 0.30 |
| Haemoglobin (g/dl) | 14±1.3 | 14±1.0 | 0.99 |
| NT-proBNP (pg/ml) | 515 (219–1283) | 84 (57–108) | <0.0001 |
| Renal indices | |||
| Serum creatinine (μmol/l) | 112±36 | 79±13 | <0.001 |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2) | 64±17 | 90±12 | <0.0001 |
| GFR (ml/min/1.73m2) | 78±26 | NA | NA |
| ERPF (ml/min/1.73m2) | 282±83 | NA | NA |
| Filtration fraction (%) | 27±5 | NA | NA |
| UAE (mg/day) | 5.1 (3.4–10) | 1.5 (1.2–1.9) | <0.0001 |
| Tubular markers | |||
| NGAL (μg/gCr) | 175 (70–346) | 37 (6–58) | <0.0001 |
| NAG (U/gCr) | 12 (6.2–17) | 1.6 (0.7–2.2) | <0.0001 |
| KIM-1 (ng/gCr) | 277 (188–537) | 136 (63–195) | <0.0001 |
| Treatment (n (% use)) | |||
| RAS inhibitor | 90 (100) | 0 | NA |
| β Blocker | 78 (87) | 0 | NA |
| Diuretic | 63 (70) | 0 | NA |
| Aldosterone receptor blocker | 29 (32) | 0 | NA |
BP, blood pressure; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; ERPF, effective renal plasma flow; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; KIM-1, kidney injury molecule 1; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; NAG, N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase; NGAL, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; NT-proBNP, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide; NYHA, New York Heart Association; RAS, renin–angiotensin system; UAE, urinary albumin excretion.