Imaging characteristics of the study population
| Variable | Total population (N=50) | VO2 max>median (n=26) | VO2 max≤median (n=24) | p Value |
| Echocardiography | ||||
| Deceleration time (ms) | 240±79 | 233±79 | 247±80 | 0.6 |
| E/E′ ratio | 8.5±3 | 7.7±3 | 9.6±3 | 0.07 |
| Abnormal diastolic function, n (%) | 37 (74) | 17 (65) | 20 (83) | 0.2 |
| Left ventricular end-diastolic stiffness (mmHg/ml) | 0.08±0.03 | 0.07±0.03 | 0.1±0.03 | 0.05 |
| Myocardial performance index | 0.70±0.45 | 0.74±0.53 | 0.67±0.36 | 0.6 |
| Resting peak LVOT gradient (mmHg) | 34±37 (IQR 9–43) | 32±35 (IQR 7–43) | 36±39 (IQR 10–46) | 0.7 |
| Provokable (amyl nitrite or Valsalva) peak LVOT gradient (mmHg) | 85±43 (IQR 54–125) | 81±53 (IQR 53–113) | 90±45 (IQR 58–130) | 0.6 |
| Post stress peak LVOT gradient (mmHg) | 93±55 (IQR 48–131) | 99±53 (IQR 57–135) | 86±56 (IQR 37–127) | 0.4 |
| Resting mitral regurgitation (0–4+) | 1±1 | 1±1 | 1±1 | 0.9 |
| Post-stress mitral regurgitation (0–4+) | 1.5±1 | 1.5±1 | 1.5±1 | 0.9 |
| Cardiac magnetic resonance | ||||
| Basal end-diastolic septal thickness (cm) | 1.93±0.5 (IQR 1.6–2.3) | 1.94±0.5 (IQR 1.6–2.3) | 1.93±0.5 (IQR 1.6–2.3) | 0.9 |
| Left atrial area index (cm2/m2) | 13±3 | 12±2 | 13±4 | 0.1 |
| Left ventricular end-diastolic volume index (ml/m2) | 87±17 | 90±19 | 84±13 | 0.2 |
| Left ventricular end-systolic volume index (ml/m2) | 32±9 | 342±9 | 30±8 | 0.1 |
| Left ventricular mass index (g/m2) | 112±36 | 118±39 | 106±33 | 0.2 |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction (%) | 64±7 | 64±7 | 64±7 | 0.9 |
| Presence of myocardial hyperenhancement, n (%) | 30 (60) | 18 (69) | 12 (50) | 0.2 |
| End-diastolic ascending aortic area (cm2) | 4.78±1.2 | 4.65±1.4 | 4.87±1.1 | 0.6 |
| Pulse wave velocity (m/s) | 9.3±7 | 6.7±3 | 12.1±9 | 0.003 |
| Ascending aortic distensibility (10−3 mmHg−1) | 4±3 | 5±3 | 3±7 | 0.02 |
Results are shown as mean±SD unless stated otherwise.
IQR, interquartile range; LVOT, left ventricular outflow tract.