Coverage, effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of alternative screening strategies applied to the population at risk of any cardiovascular disease (40–74 years of age)
| Targeted screening | Mass screening | ||||
| Family members living in deprived communities | Deprived communities | Family members | Family members and deprived communities | ||
| Strategies implemented in isolation* | |||||
| Coverage of general population | 5% | 15% | 28% | 39% | 100% |
| Coverage of high-risk population | 10% | 25% | 43% | 57% | 100% |
| % of screened population at high risk | 44% | 34% | 31% | 30% | 21% |
| Number needed to screen | 2.3 | 3.0 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 4.9 |
| Mean cost per high-risk case detected (£) | 53 | 69 | 75 | 76 | 113 |
| Strategies implemented incrementally† | |||||
| Additional coverage of general population | 5% | – | 23% | 10% | 61% |
| Additional coverage of high-risk population | 10% | – | 32% | 15% | 43% |
| % of additional screened population at high risk | 44% | – | 28% | 26% | 12% |
| Additional number needed to screen | 2.3 | 3.8 | 3.5 | 3.9 | 8.6 |
| Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio | 53 (31 to 75) | 89 (51 to 126) | 81 (47 to 116) | 91 (52 to 129) | 199 (115 to 283) |
| Revised incremental cost-effectiveness ratio‡ | 53 (31 to 75) | Dominated | 80 (46 to 114) | 91 (52 to 129) | 199 (115 to 283) |