Pooled RRs for adverse cardiovascular outcomes by subgroups of study variable
| Subgroups | C-reactive protein groups | ||||
| ≤3.0 mg/l | 3.1∼10.0 mg/l | >10.0 mg/l | |||
| Referent | N | RR (95% CI) | N | RR (95% CI) | |
| Overall | 1.00 | 125–7 9–11 14 16 19 21 22 24 | 1.40 (1.18 to 1.67) | 116 7 9–11 14 15 19 21 22 24 | 2.18 (1.77 to 2.68) |
| Outcome | |||||
| Heart failure | 1.00 | 36 11 21 | 1.72 (1.17 to 2.55) | 36 11 21 | 2.89 (2.07 to 4.02) |
| Cardiac death | 1.00 | 37 14 24 | 1.19 (0.80 to 1.77) | 37 14 24 | 2.10 (1.50 to 2.92) |
| All-cause death | 1.00 | 95–7 9 11 14 19 21 24 | 1.49 (1.21 to 1.84) | 85–7 9 11 14 21 24 | 2.50 (2.12 to 2.96) |
| p for heterogeneity | 0.42 | 0.41 | |||
| Time for blood samples obtained from the onset of symptoms | |||||
| ≤24 h | 1.00 | 95–7 10 11 14 16 21 24 | 1.39 (1.11 to 1.74) | 76 7 10 11 14 21 24 | 2.34 (1.92 to 2.85) |
| >24 h or on admission | 1.00 | 39 19 22 | 1.43 (1.08 to 1.88) | 49 15 19 22 | 1.92 (1.26 to 2.95) |
| p for heterogeneity | 0.86 | 0.42 | |||
| Follow-up year | |||||
| >1 year | 1.00 | 69–11 14 21 24 | 1.32 (1.04 to 1.69) | 79–11 14 15 21 24 | 2.18 (1.77 to 2.69) |
| ≤1 year | 1.00 | 65–7 16 19 22 | 1.49 (1.16 to 1.91) | 46 7 19 22 | 2.19 (1.36 to 3.52) |
| p for heterogeneity | 0.51 | 0.99 | |||
| Region | |||||
| Europe | 1.00 | 77 9 10 14 16 22 24 | 1.26 (1.01 to 1.57) | 77 9 10 14 15 22 24 | 1.83 (1.46 to 2.29) |
| Non-Europe | 1.00 | 55 6 11 19 21 | 1.67 (1.26 to 2.21) | 46 11 19 21 | 2.81 (2.25 to 3.52) |
| p for heterogeneity | 0.12 | 0.01 | |||
| Confounder adjustments* | |||||
| Unadjusted | 1.00 | 66 10 11 14 21 24 | 1.54 (1.19 to 1.99) | 76 10 11 14 15 21 24 | 3.53 (2.54 to 4.91) |
| Adjusted | 1.00 | 66 10 11 14 21 24 | 1.36 (1.05 to 1.76) | 76 10 11 14 15 21 24 | 2.31 (1.78 to 3.00) |
| p for heterogeneity | 0.52 | 0.05 | |||
| Mean age | |||||
| <65 y | 1.00 | 65 7 11 19 21 24 | 1.55 (1.20 to 2.00) | 67 11 15 19 21 24 | 2.23 (1.68 to 2.98) |
| ≥65 y | 1.00 | 76 9–11 14 16 22 | 1.33 (1.08 to 1.64) | 66 9–11 14 22 | 2.15 (1.65 to 2.80) |
| p for heterogeneity | 0.37 | 0.85 | |||
| Study quality† | |||||
| High | 1.00 | 66 7 10 14 21 24 | 1.21 (0.90 to 1.62) | 66 7 10 14 21 24 | 2.31 (1.84 to 2.91) |
| Low | 1.00 | 65 9 11 16 19 22 | 1.52 (1.23 to 1.89) | 59 11 15 19 22 | 2.01 (1.43 to 2.83) |
| p for heterogeneity | 0.21 | 0.51 | |||
| Original study design | |||||
| Cohort | 1.00 | 85–7 7 9–11 21 24 | 1.42 (1.13 to 1.78) | 86 7 9–11 15 21 24 | 2.18 (1.74 to 2.72) |
| Trial | 1.00 | 414 16 19 22 | 1.39 (1.06 to 1.82) | 314 19 22 | 2.13 (1.24 to 3.67) |
| p for heterogeneity | 0.91 | 0.94 | |||