Baseline characteristics according to ethnic group
| Caucasian (n=7966) | Asians (n=1805) | p Value | |
| Gender (female) | 2224 (27.9%) | 376 (20.8%) | <0.0001* |
| Age (years) | 64.69±0.13 | 59.69±0.27 | <0.0001* |
| Stable angina | 4149 (52.1%) | 934 (51.8%) | 0.84 |
| Acute MI/ACS | 3817 (47.9%) | 871 (48.3%) | 0.86 |
| Previous MI | 1800 (25.6%) | 449 (24.9%) | 0.59 |
| Previous CABG | 531 (7.6%) | 174 (9.6%) | 0.005* |
| Previous PCI | 1278 (16.0%) | 444 (24.6%) | <0.0001* |
| Hypertension | 3492 (43.8%) | 885 (49.0%) | 0.003* |
| Diabetes mellitus | 1247 (15.7%) | 828 (45.9%) | <0.0001* |
| Hypercholesterolaemia | 2975 (37.4%) | 779 (43.2%) | <0.0001* |
| PVD | 221 (2.8%) | 23 (1.3%) | <0.0001* |
| CRF (creat >200) | 167 (2.1%) | 53 (2.9%) | 0.054 |
| LVEF | 54.36±10.9 | 53.50±10.4 | 0.16 |
| NYHA | 888 (11.2%) | 223 (12.4%) | 0.17 |
| Current smoker | 505 (10.6%) | 226 (12.5%) | 0.03* |
| Cardiogenic shock | 79 (1.0%) | 21 (1.2%) | 0.51 |
*p Value <0.05.
ACS, acute coronary syndrome; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; CRF, chronic renal impairment; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MI, myocardial infarction; NYHA, New York Heart Association; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; PVD, peripheral vascular disease.