General characteristics of study subjects at baseline*
| Baseline GGT level | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <25% | 25 to <50% | 50 to <75% | 75 to <90% | ≥90% | p for trend | |
| Men (n=18 353) | <17.1 U/l | 17.1 to <25.7 U/l | 25.7 to <40.1 U/l | 40.1 to <68.0 U/l | ≥68.0 U/l | |
| Subjects (n) | 4659 | 4517 | 4593 | 2739 | 1845 | |
| Age at baseline (years) | 44.3 | 46.3 | 48.1 | 47.8 | 48.8 | <0.001 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 25.0 | 26.2 | 27.4 | 28.4 | 29.0 | <0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 81 | 83 | 86 | 88 | 90 | <0.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 138 | 139 | 142 | 143 | 147 | <0.001 |
| Serum cholesterol (mmol/l) | 5.53 | 5.72 | 5.93 | 6.14 | 6.26 | <0.001 |
| Education (years) | 10.6 | 10.5 | 10.5 | 10.4 | 10.5 | 0.538 |
| Alcohol drinker (%) | 55.5 | 62.5 | 67.9 | 73.6 | 76.9 | <0.001 |
| Current smoker (%) | 28.4 | 35.0 | 38.0 | 42.0 | 45.7 | <0.001 |
| Low physical activity (%) | 6.6 | 6.9 | 9.2 | 11.5 | 13.5 | <0.001 |
| History of myocardial infarction (%) | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.4 | 4.4 | 5.2 | 0.011 |
| History of valvular heart disease (%) | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.755 |
| History of diabetes (%) | 2.4 | 2.3 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 4.6 | <0.001 |
| Women (n=19 726) | <11.0 U/l | 11.0 to <15.1 U/l | 15.1 to <22.1 U/l | 22.1 to <35.0 U/l | ≥35.0 U/l | |
| Subjects (n) | 4598 | 5572 | 4756 | 2793 | 2007 | |
| Age at baseline (years) | 41.7 | 44.3 | 47.2 | 49.9 | 51.7 | <0.001 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 24.7 | 25.4 | 26.4 | 27.6 | 28.6 | <0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 78 | 79 | 81 | 82 | 83 | <0.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 132 | 134 | 136 | 138 | 140 | <0.001 |
| Serum cholesterol (mmol/l) | 5.60 | 5.68 | 5.72 | 5.81 | 5.91 | <0.001 |
| Education (years) | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.1 | 11.0 | 10.7 | <0.001 |
| Alcohol drinker (%) | 39.5 | 44.6 | 47.9 | 50.2 | 52.5 | <0.001 |
| Current smoker (%) | 13.5 | 18.9 | 23.3 | 25.6 | 29.3 | <0.001 |
| Low physical activity (%) | 7.1 | 7.9 | 9.7 | 11.0 | 14.7 | <0.001 |
| History of myocardial infarction (%) | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 0.001 |
| History of valvular heart disease (%) | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 0.005 |
| History of diabetes (%) | 1.4 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 2.8 | 5.0 | <0.001 |
*Baseline characteristics represent mean or percentage; adjusted for age, study area and study year.