HRs of heart failure according to different levels of serum GGT
| Baseline serum GGT level | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <25% | 25 to <50% | 50 to <75% | 75 to <90% | ≥90% | p for trend | |
| Men | ||||||
| Incidence case (n) | 149 | 153 | 151 | 100 | 83 | |
| Person-years | 83542 | 63716 | 58828 | 34195 | 20886 | |
| Age, area and study years adjusted HR (95% CI) | 1.00 | 1.46 (1.16 to 1.84) | 1.60 (1.27 to 2.02) | 2.09 (1.61 to 2.71) | 3.13 (2.37 to 4.14) | <0.001 |
| Multivariable adjustment HR (95% CI)* | 1.00 | 1.41 (1.12 to 1.77) | 1.51 (1.19 to 1.91) | 1.92 (1.47 to 2.51) | 2.70 (2.02 to 3.62) | <0.001 |
| Multivariable adjustment HR (95% CI)† | 1.00 | 1.25 (1.00 to 1.58) | 1.18 (0.92 to 1.50) | 1.32 (1.00 to 1.74) | 1.79 (1.31 to 2.43) | 0.006 |
| Women | ||||||
| Incidence case (n) | 98 | 115 | 102 | 63 | 67 | |
| Person-years | 91860 | 86478 | 58944 | 32512 | 22844 | |
| Age, area and study years adjusted HR (95% CI) | 1.00 | 1.12 (0.85 to 1.46) | 1.64 (1.24 to 2.18) | 1.92 (1.39 to 2.66) | 2.79 (2.02 to 3.84) | <0.001 |
| Multivariable adjustment HR (95% CI)* | 1.00 | 1.13 (0.86 to 1.48) | 1.59 (1.20 to 2.11) | 1.83 (1.32 to 2.54) | 2.60 (1.88 to 3.59) | <0.001 |
| Multivariable adjustment HR (95% CI)† | 1.00 | 0.98 (0.75 to 1.29) | 1.19 (0.89 to 1.59) | 1.21 (0.86 to 1.70) | 1.76 (1.25 to 2.48) | 0.006 |
| Men and women combined‡ | ||||||
| Incidence case (n) | 247 | 268 | 253 | 163 | 150 | |
| Person-years | 175403 | 150193 | 117772 | 66707 | 43729 | |
| Age, area and study years adjusted HR (95% CI) | 1.00 | 1.33 (1.12 to 1.59) | 1.64 (1.37 to 1.97) | 2.05 (1.67 to 2.50) | 3.08 (2.49 to 3.80) | <0.001 |
| Multivariable adjustment HR (95% CI)* | 1.00 | 1.30 (1.09 to 1.55) | 1.57 (1.31 to 1.88) | 1.91 (1.55 to 2.34) | 2.74 (2.21 to 3.40) | <0.001 |
| Multivariable adjustment HR (95% CI)† | 1.00 | 1.16 (0.97 to 1.38) | 1.20 (1.00 to 1.45) | 1.29 (1.04 to 1.60) | 1.82 (1.45 to 2.29) | <0.001 |
*Adjusting for age, study area, study year, smoking, education, alcohol consumption, physical activity.
†Further adjusting for history of valvular heart disease, BMI, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol at baseline and myocardial infarction, diabetes at baseline and during follow-up.
‡Adjusted also for sex.
GGT, γ-glutamyltransferase.