: Post-interventional follow-up in patients with valvular pulmonary stenosis: an overview of published studies
| Author | Intervention | Intervention period | No. of patients | Age at intervention (years) | Male (%) | Follow-up (years) | Pre-interventional gradient (mm Hg)* | Post-interventional gradient (mm Hg)* | Early mortality (<30 days) (%) | Late survival (%) | Re-intervention† | Time to re-intervention (years)† | Moderate to severe PR (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kopecky et al (1988) | Surgery | 1956–1967 | 191 | 13.6±13.1 | 52 | 24±4 | 118±48 (C) | 51±16 (C) | 4.2 | 90 | 2.6% S | 12 (4–21) | 1 |
| O'Connor et al (1992) | Surgery | 1978–1982 | 20 | 4.7±0.8 | – | 11.7±0.5 | 74±4.4 (C) | 16±1.5 (C) | -– | – | – | – | 45 |
| Earing et al (2005) | Surgery | 1951–1982 | 53 | 10±13 | 57 | 33 (18–51) | –– | – | -– | 96.7 | 52.8% (25% S, 56% R, 19% O) | 34 (4–44) | 43 |
| Roos-Hesselink et al (2006) | Surgery | 1968–1980 | 90 | 5.5 (0–14) | – | 27 (22–33) | 95±39 (C) | – | 2.2 | 93 | 15.6% (40% S, 60% R) | S: 50% 2–3, 50% 16–18. R: 16–24 | 37 |
| Voet et al (2010) | Surgery | 1960–2009 | 79 | 5 (0–39) | 54 | 22.5 (0–45) | 97.4±48.5 (C) | 9.7±6.1 (E) | 2.5 | 96.2 | 20.3% (81% R, 19% O) | – | 59 |
| Peterson et al (2003) | Surgery | 1969–2000 | 54 | 3.0±3.7 | – | 9.8±6.1 | 64.8±30.8 (E) | 17.4±14.7 (E) | – | – | 5.6% S | 2–7 | 45 |
| McCrindle et al (1991) | BVP | 1981–1986 | 46 | 4.6±1.9 | 37 | 4.6 (0.3–56) | 70±36 (C mean) | 23±14 (C mean) | – | – | 8.7% S | – | 2.2 |
| O'Connor et al (1992) | BVP | 1982–1986 | 20 | 4.3±0.8 | – | 5.3±0.3 | 76±5 (C mean) | 35±3.2 (C mean) | – | – | – | – | 0 |
| Kaul et al (1993) | BVP | 1985–1991 | 40 | 27.6 (18–56) | 40 | 2±1 | 107±29 (C) | 37±25 (C) | – | – | 2.5% O | Immediate (rescue) | 0 |
| Masura et al (1993) | BVP | – | 34 | – (children) | – | 5.2±0.8 | 74±24 (C mean) | 36±26 (C mean) | 0 | 95 | 23.5% S | – | 17.6 |
| Ray et al (1993) | BVP | 1986–1991 | 139 | 14.9±9.4 | 55 | 1.3±1 | 116.3±49 (C) | 54.4±51.9 (C) | 0.7 | 99.3 | 5% S | – | 2.2 |
| Witsenburg et al (1993) | BVP | 1984–1990 | 92 | 5.9 (0.8–17.9) | 51 | 3±1.7 | 61±34 (C mean) | 27±20 (C mean) | – | – | 4.3% S | – | 0 |
| McCrindle et al (1994) | BVP | 1981–1986 | 533 | 3.7 (0.01–55) | – | 2.8 (1–8.7) | 74±37 (C mean) | 29±22 (C mean) | – | – | 16% S | – | 7 |
| Chen et al (1996) | BVP | 1985–1995 | 53 | 26±11 | 66 | 6.9±3.1 | 91±46 (C) | 38±32 (C) | – | – | 17% S | – | 0 |
| Mendelsohn et al (1996) | BVP | 1983–1993 | 55 | 2.5 (0.3–21) | – | 4.6±2.3 | 63.5±24.8 (C mean) | 26.7±12.9 (C mean) | 0 | 100 | 2% S | – | – |
| Rao et al (1998) | BVP | 1983–1994 | 85 | 7±6.4 | 51 | 7 (3–10) | 87±38 (C mean) | 26±22 (C mean) | – | – | 16% N | – | 8 |
| Berman et al (1999) | BVP | 1985–1998 | 107 | 1 (0.28–17) | – | 7.2 (0.5–10) | – | 19 (no SD) (C) | 0.9 | 99.1 | 5.6% (83% S, 17% R) | – | 5.6 |
| Jarrar et al (1999) | BVP | 1987–1996 | 62 | 13.5±10.5 | 52 | 6.4±3.4 | 98±40 (C) | 32±23 (C) | 1.5 | 98.5 | 4.8% S | – | 10 |
| Gupta et al (2001) | BVP | Before 1996 | 96 | 10.9±11.0 | 67 | 4.9±2.7 | 111±41 (C) | 43±32 (C) | – | – | – | – | 4.2 |
| Peterson et al (2003) | BVP | 1969–2000 | 92 | 3.2±3.2 | – | 5.4±3.8 | 66.2±21.4 (E) | 23.8±15.8 (E) | – | – | 15.2% (93% S, 7% R) | – | 11 |
| Fawzy et al (2007) | BVP | 1985–2003 | 90 | 23±9 | 45 | 10±3.9 | 105±39 (C) | 34±26 (C) | 0 | 100 | 6% S | 0.5–1 | 2.2 |
| Karagoz et al (2009) | BVP | 1988–2008 | 50 | 0.02 (0–0.23) | 50 | 6.1 (0.02–18) | 80 (15–125) (E mean) | 22 (7–98) (E mean) | 0 | 89 | 30% S | – | 36 |
| Voet et al (2010) | BVP | 1987–2009 | 139 | 3 (0–61) | 44 | 6 (0–21) | 79.5±24.5 (E mean) | 24.5±20.8 (E mean) | 1.4 | 98.6 | 9.4% (85% S, 15% O) | – | 35.8 |
Values are expressed as mean±SD or median (range).
*(C) indicates catheter derived peak-to-peak pressure gradient; (E) indicates peak gradient measured by Doppler echocardiography; ‘mean’ indicates that the mean gradient was measured.
†S expresses that restenosis was the indication; R expresses that regurgitation was the indication; O expresses that other reasons were the indication; N expresses that the indication for re-intervention was not specified.
BVP, balloon valvuloplasty; –, not reported.