Demographics, clinical, electrocardiographic and echocardiographic characteristics of patients with left ventricular non-compaction (n=75)*
| Parameters | |
|---|---|
| Age at diagnosis (years) | 45.9±18.9 |
| Sex male (%) | 69.0 |
| Ethnicity (%) | |
| African/Afro-Caribbean | 72.0 |
| Caucasian | 24.0 |
| Asian | 4.0 |
| Family history of | |
| SCD (%) | 11.8 |
| Cardiomyopathy (%) | 7.9 |
| Symptoms (%) | 67.0 |
| NYHA functional class III/IV (%) | 25 |
| Systolic BP (mm Hg) | 121±22.4 |
| Diastolic BP (mm Hg) | 73.3±15.8 |
| Intracardiac defibrillator in situ (%) | 13 |
| Complications (%) | |
| Arrhythmias (NSVT/VT) | 15.8 |
| Heart failure | 44.7 |
| Left ventricular thrombus | 6.6 |
| Stroke/pulmonary embolus | 9.2 |
| Electrocardiographic parameters (%) | |
| LVH (Sokolow) | 58.3 |
| LBBB | 4.0 |
| LA enlargement | 28.8 |
| Left axis deviation | 38.6 |
| Inverted T waves | 30.5 |
| T-wave inversion in V1–V4 | 4.0 |
| T-wave inversion in inferior leads | 20.3 |
| T-wave inversion in lateral leads | 28.8 |
| Deep T-wave inversion | 17.0 |
| ST segment depression | 5.3 |
| Pathological Q-waves | 1.7 |
| Echocardiographic parameters | |
| Ao (mm) | 30.2±5.7 |
| LA (cm2) | 21.4±5.8 |
| LVED (mm) | 57.8±11.7 |
| Max-LVWT (mm) | 10.7±2.0 |
| EF (%) | 46.3±19.3 |
| S′ septal wall | 6.4±1.7 |
| S′ lateral wall | 7.0±2.5 |
| E/A | 1.6±0.8 |
*Data are expressed as mean±SD.
Ao, aortic diameter; BP, blood pressure; E′, early diastolic annular velocity; E/A, ratio of early to late diastolic mitral valve inflow velocity; E/E′, ratio of peak early diastolic mitral inflow velocity to peak early diastolic mitral annular velocity; LA, left atrium; LBBB, left bundle branch block; LVED, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; LV EF, LV ejection fraction; LVH, left ventricular hypertrophy; LVM, left ventricular mass; LVNC, left ventricular non-compaction; Max-LVWT, maximal left ventricular wall thickness; NSVT/VT, Non-sustained ventricular tachycardia/ventricular tachycardia; NYHA, New York Heart Association; SCD, sudden cardiac death; S, systolic annular peak velocity.