Left ventricular structural and functional data as well as left atrial diameter in male athletes measured using echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR)
| Parameter | Echocardiography | CMR | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| LV mass (g) | 212 (195 to 229) [118; 2403] | 173 (156 to 190) [30; 445] | < 0.001 |
| LVEDV (ml) | 135 (128 to 142) [54; 791] | 178 (162 to 194) [28; 430] | < 0.001 |
| LVEF (%) | 64 (63 to 66) [42; 1915] | 61 (59 to 62) [26; 378] | < 0.001 |
| LV E/A | 1.8 (1.7 to 1.9) [69; 1806] | 2.3 (2.0 to 2.6) [7; 120] | < 0.001 |
| LAD (mm) | 36.9 (34.6 to 39.2) [21; 436] | 32.7 (29.8 to 35.6) [2; 71] | 0.026 |
Data are mean (95% CI), [number of studies; number of participants].
Across all studies the mean BSA ranged from 1.69 to 2.52. Multiple meta-analysis regression analysis resulted in significant and positive relationships between BSA and LV mass (b=0.010; Taû2 p>/z/0.01; CI 0.001 to 0.010), LAD (b=0.001; Tau2 p>/z/0.001; CI 0.008 to 0.012) and RVM (b=0.001; Tau2 p>/z/0.001; CI 0.008 to 0.012) at p<0.05. This suggests that as BSA increases across studies cardiac dimensions also increase.
BSA, body surface area; E/A, E/A, peak early to atrial Doppler trans-mitral flow velocities; LAD, left atrial diameter; LV, left ventricular; LVEDV, LV end-diastolic volume; LVEF, LV ejection fraction; RVM, right ventricular mass.