Table 2

Differential (comparative) characteristics of AF patients with OAC alone or in combination with AP—Part I

	Mono therapy OAC		Dual therapy OAC+single AP (ASA/clopidogrel)		Triple therapy OAC+ASA+clopidogrel		p Value dual vs triple	p Value mono vs dual	p Value mono vs triple
	(n=5170)		(n=660)		(n=105)
	mean±SD		mean±SD		mean±SD
Age, mean	71.9±10.18		71.1±9.93		73.3±8,22		0.012	0.0334	0.0952
Body Mass Index (BMI), mean	28.0±5.03		28.4±4.93		28.1±4.26		0.6364	0.0563	0.7096
	n	%	n	%	n	%
Gender, male	3029	58.6	464	70.4	80	76.2	0.2278	<0.0001	0.0003
Pattern of AF
Paroxysmal	1279	24.8	207	31.6	26	24.8	0.4701*	<0.0001*	0.4492*
Persistent (short-term)	1199	23.2	188	28.7	31	29.5
Long-standing persistent	399	7.7	52	7.9	8	7.6
Overall persistent (combining the two above)	1598	30.9	240	36.6	39	37.1
Permanent	2287	44.3	208	31.8	40	38.1
Risk factors and comorbidities
Arterial hypertension	3768	72.9	500	75.8	80	76.2	0.9233	0.1197	0.4537
Diabetes	1192	23.1	175	26.5	33	31.4	0.2932	0.0495	0.0448
Diabetes, insulin therapy†	250	21.0	47	26.9	13	39.4	0.0626	0.0119	0.0004
Obesity (BMI >30 kg/m²)	1430	27.8	206	31.2	34	32.4	0.8105	0.0635	0.2959
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)	590	11.4	83	12.6	14	13.3	0.8328	0.3756	0.543
Current smoking	317	6.1	48	7.7	4	3.8	0.1903	0.2593	0.3226
Previous smoking	1768	34.3	313	47.7	57	54.3	0.2109	<0.0001	<0.0001
Dyslipidaemia	2210	42.8	412	62.4	70	67.3	0.3375	<0.0001	<0.0001
Chronic renal insufficiency	655	12.7	101	15.3	18	17.1	0.6381	0.0559	0.1759
Patients’ characteristics
Bleeding history or predisposition	324	6.3	73	11.1	8	7.6	0.2871	<0.0001	0.5741
Heart valve dysfunction	1985	38.4	276	42.1	46	43.8	0.7475	0.0662	0.2616
Coronary heart disease (CHD)	963	18.1	358	54.2	87	82.9	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001
Previous coronary artery stenting‡	314	32.6	208	58.1	79	90.8	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001
	mean±SD		mean±SD		mean±SD
Stent inserted (years ago)	6.3±4.7		5±4.6		2.3±4.0		<0.0001	0.0017	<0.0001
	n	%	n	%	n	%
Previous myocardial infarction	406	42.3	178	49.7	52	59.8	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001
Previous ischaemic strokes	474	9.2	72	10.9	9	8.1	0.4696	0.1497	0.8323
Previous TIAs	404	7.8	59	9.0	9	8.1	0.8985	0.3121	0.7772
Previous other ischaemic-thromboembolic Events	92	1.8	20	3.0	10	9.5	0.0015	0.0278	<0.0001
Chronic heart failure total	1160	22.5	165	25.1	38	36.2	0.0167	0.1302	0.0009
NYHA Class I§	94	8.1	19	11.5	6	15.8	0.8855*	0.2087*	0.4058*
NYHA Class II§	665	57.3	87	52.7	20	52.6
NYHA Class III§	368	31.7	53	32.1	11	29.0
NYHA Class IV§	22	1.9	6	3.6	1	2.6
Peripheral arterial disease total	193	3.7	67	10.2	13	12.4	0.4913	<0.0001	<0.0001
Leriche and Fontaine Stage I¶	63	32.6	13	19.4	2	15.4	0.4751*	0.0443*	0.0787*
Leriche and Fontaine Stage II¶	100	51.8	35	52.2	8	61.5
Leriche and Fontaine Stage III¶	12	6.2	10	14.8	1	7.7
Leriche and Fontaine Stage IV¶	5	2.6	3	4.5	2	15.4
Reduced Left Ventricular Function	984	19.1	197	30	45	42.9	0.0088	<0.0001	<0.0001

Missing values were not taken into account for calculation of percentages and p values.
*Global χ² test.
†Denominator is diabetes.
‡Denominator is coronary heart disease.
§Denominator is chronic heart failure total.
¶Denominator is peripheral artery disease total.