Baseline characteristics of participants who developed HF versus those who did not develop HF at 7.1 years follow-up in MESA
| Overall (n=6814) | Developed HF at follow-up (n=176) | No HF at follow-up (n=6633) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 62.1±10 | 69.1±10* | 62.0±10 |
| Male (%) | 47.1 | 60.8* | 46.8 |
| Caucasians (%) | 2622 (38.5) | 69 (39.2) | 2553 (38.4) |
| Chinese-Americans (%) | 803 (11.7) | 9 (5.1)* † | 794 (12.0) |
| African-Americans (%) | 1892 (27.8) | 59 (33.5)* † | 1833 (27.6) |
| Hispanics (%) | 1496 (22.0) | 39 (22.2)* † | 1457 (22.0) |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 126.6±21.5 | 140.4±22.4* | 126.2±21.3 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 71.9±10.3 | 73.9±10.8* | 71.9±10.2 |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 63±10 | 65.0±11.1* | 63.1±9.6 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 194±35.7 | 189.65±35.1 | 194.3±35.7 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 51±15 | 47.9±14.1* | 51.1±14.8 |
| Hypertension (%) | 44.9 | 75.6* | 44.1 |
| Hypertension medication (%) | 37.2 | 63.1* | 36.5 |
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 12.6 | 31.8* | 12.1 |
| Current cigarette smokers (%) | 13.0 | 16.5* | 12.9 |
| Pack years | 11.4±22.3 | 18.3±30.9* | 11.2±22.0 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28.3±5.5 | 30.1* | 28.3 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.96±0.3 | 1.1±0.7* | 0.9±0.3 |
| ECG-LVH (%) | 1.0 | 6.3* | 0.9 |
| LV mass index (g/m2) | 77.9±16.3 | 96.7* | 77.5 |
| NT-proBNP (pg/mL) | 102.3±249.7 | 456.4* | 93.0 |
Parentheses represent units of measurements with the respective 95% CIs or percentages as appropriate.
*p<0.05 for difference
†vs Caucasians.
BMI, body mass index; ECG, electrocardiogram; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; HF, heart failure; LVH, LV hypertrophy; MESA, Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis; NT-proBNP, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide.