Both maternal and fetal outcomes compared between patients who had an elective caesarean section or an emergency caesarean section. (A) The group of patients who had a caesarean section; (B) patients who had a caesarean section for obstetric reasons and (C) patients who had a caesarean section for cardiac reasons
| (A) Total | (B) Obstetric | (C) Cardiac | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| El CS n=340 | Em CS n=196 | p Value | El CS n=160 | Em CS n=158 | p Value | El CS n=142 | Em CS n=38 | p Value | |
| Pre-eclampsia (%) | 6.2 | 4.6 | 0.56 | 9.5 | 3.9 | 0.049 | 3.5 | 4.8 | 0.66 |
| Anticoagulant use (%) | 15 | 7.7 | 0.010 | 8.3 | 5.9 | 0.40 | 26.6 | 14.3 | 0.10 |
| Maternal mortality (%) | 1.8 | 1.5 | 1 | 0 | 0.7 | 0.47 | 4.2 | 4.8 | 1 |
| Postpartum HF (%) | 8.8 | 8.2 | 0.79 | 8.3 | 5.2 | 0.28 | 10.5 | 19 | 0.14 |
| Postpartum haemorrhagic event (%) | 6.2 | 5.1 | 0.61 | 5.3 | 4.6 | 0.80 | 7.7 | 7.1 | 1 |
| Perinatal mortality (%) | 1.8 | 0.5 | 0.43 | 1.2 | 0.7 | 1 | 2.8 | 0 | 0.58 |
| Neonatal mortality (%) | 0.9 | 0.5 | 0.26 | 1.8 | 0.7 | 0.14 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Pregnancy duration (weeks) | 37 | 37 | 0.080 | 37 | 38 | 0.045 | 36.8 | 36.5 | 0.52 |
| Preterm birth (%) | 27.4 | 22.4 | 0.21 | 29 | 20 | 0.70 | 29.4 | 28.6 | 0.92 |
| Birth weight (g) | 2800 | 2905 | 0.076 | 2816 | 2922 | 0.18 | 2752 | 2841 | 0.40 |
| Birth weight (corrected)* | 3251 | 3261 | 0.82 | 3504 | 3490 | 0.80 | 2822 | 2951 | 0.10 |
| Apgar score <7 at 1 min (%) | 13.5 | 13.8 | 0.94 | 9.5 | 17 | 0.045 | 18.2 | 2.4 | 0.011 |
EM CS, emergency caesarean section; EL CS, elective caesarean section; HF, heart failure.
*Birth weight was corrected for gestational age, smoking, fetal sex, maternal age, diabetes and pre-eclampsia.