Clinical and procedural characteristics of the study population according to preoperative renal function
| CKD stage 1–2 | CKD stage 3a | CKD stage 3b | CKD stage 4 | CKD stage 5 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | >60 (n=1390) | 45–59 (n=1046) | 30–44 (n=846) | 15–29 (n=315) | <15 or dialysis (n=99) |
| Baseline characteristics | |||||
| Age (years) | 81 (76–86) | 83 (78–87) | 84 (79–87) | 83 (79–87) | 78 (71–84) |
| Male | 840 (60.4) | 532 (50.9) | 397 (46.9) | 145 (46.0) | 64 (64.5) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 25.6 (22.6–29.3) | 26.4 (23.4–29.4) | 26.6 (23.4–30.4) | 27.0 (24.1–30.5) | 25.2 (22.7–28.8) |
| Current smoker | 40 (2.9) | 18 (1.7) | 23 (2.7) | 5 (1.6) | 5 (5.1) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 245 (17.6) | 229 (21.9) | 216 (25.5) | 111 (35.2) | 27 (27.2) |
| Previous myocardial infarction | 306 (22.0) | 218 (20.8) | 198 (23.4) | 85 (27.0) | 23 (23.2) |
| No vessel with >50% stenosis | 611 (44.0) | 476 (45.5) | 375 (44.3) | 155 (49.2) | 41 (41.4) |
| NYHA functional class 3–4 | 1106 (79.6) | 870 (83.2) | 725 (85.7) | 288 (91.4) | 84 (84.8) |
| Known COPD | 385 (27.7) | 274 (26.2) | 220 (26.0) | 92 (29.2) | 28 (28.3) |
| Previous stroke | 219 (15.8) | 197 (18.8) | 149 (17.6) | 75 (23.8) | 20 (20.2) |
| Extracardiac arteriopathy | 346 (24.9) | 259 (24.8) | 241 (28.4) | 99 (31.4) | 25 (25.3) |
| Ascending aortic calcification | 281 (20.2) | 224 (21.4) | 180 (21.3) | 54 (17.1) | 28 (28.3) |
| Pre-existing atrial fibrillation | 300 (21.6) | 264 (25.2) | 221 (26.1) | 86 (27.3) | 25 (25.3) |
| Previous cardiac surgery | 496 (35.7) | 346 (33.1) | 276 (32.6) | 84 (26.7) | 35 (35.4) |
| LVEF <30% | 380 (27.3) | 321 (30.7) | 274 (32.3) | 103 (32.7) | 42 (42.4) |
| Aortic valve gradient (mm Hg) | 79.2±24.9 | 77.7±25.5 | 77.1±25.8 | 76.9±28.3 | 74.5±28.6 |
| Aortic valve area (cm2) | 0.67±0.23 | 0.67±0.25 | 0.67±0.25 | 0.65±0.25 | 0.72±0.31 |
| Emergency/urgent operation | 123 (8.8) | 126 (12.0) | 99 (11.7) | 56 (17.8) | 18 (18. 2) |
| Logistic EuroSCORE | 16.5 (11.2–24.6) | 18.7 (12.1–27.7) | 19.9 (13.6–31.2) | 24.4 (15.2–37.9) | 27.9 (14.4–44.4) |
| Procedural characteristics | |||||
| Non-transfemoral approach | 403 (29.0) | 302 (28.9) | 266 (31.4) | 97 (30.8) | 37 (37.3) |
| Valve successfully deployed | 1331 (95.8) | 1011 (96.7) | 811 (95.9) | 307 (97.5) | 97 (98.0) |
Continuous values are summarised by median (IQR). Categorical values are summarised by count (percentage).
CKD, chronic kidney disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; EuroSCORE, European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation; NYHA, New York Heart Association.